7.补充：individualism.ppt

I Individualism 关于美国文化中个人主义价值观的内容，美国学者萨姆瓦认为，其应当包括自主动机、自主抉择、自力更生、尊重他人、个性自由以及尊重隐私等层面 电影中美国个人主义价值观的体现 《阿甘正传》，一部以小人物的经历来透视美国社会的史诗片。 阿甘的成功无疑可以激励很多人勇敢地面对人生。无论生活如何坎坷，都用一颗豁达的心去面对，坚持不懈，自强不息：而这也正是个人主义中不可忽视的成分。 《燃情岁月》无疑带给了我们对于个人主义价值观的另一种思考，这部影片强调的更多的是其中自我支配、自我控制的层面。 片中的主人公崔斯汀只是一个“能听得见自己内心的声音并能按照这个声音去生活”的人，他是一个传奇。面对命运的挑战，崔斯汀从来没有屈服，始终自主抉择，直到生命的决战。另外，片中父亲的角色同样值得一提，他反对战争、反对政府的观点鲜明地显现出个人主义的光点。 《当幸福来敲门》则直接援引了《独立宣言》的内容作为片名，宣扬个人主义中自我发展的层面。 片中的主人公加德纳从贫困潦倒到百万富翁的转变无疑又是“美国梦”的典型，然而其体现出来的个人奋斗的历程却是美国个人主义对于个人发展激励作用的最佳体现。或许美国人正是靠着这样一种顽强进取的信念，才创造出一个如此繁荣的现代社会。 The origin of individualism The origin of American Individualism can be traced back to the beginning years in its history, when first American immigrants came to the North American continent looking for better life and shaking off the yoke of European feudal tradition and the oppression from all kinds of powerful classes. It is determined that there were elements of anti-oppression and searching for freedom in American people’s character. This was the original explanation of American Individualism The Declaration of Independence is taken as the embodiment of the eighteenth-century regard for the interests of the individual, the Declaration of Independence made the rights and potential of the individual the cornerstone of American values. The second continental congress affirmed the Declaration’s privileging of the individual by making the signing of the document an important occasion. That is, by using the representatives’ signatures as the means of validating this public document, they attested to the importance of individual identity and individual consent to government. These famously large signatures are thus the graphic emblems of the revolutionaries’ commitment to individualism. When America achieved independence, slavery and systematic inequality were an inescapable reality for many Americans, the nation embraced the myth of the “self-man” as representative of its national character. According to this myth, Am