lessonfoursomethingaboutcivilandcriminalprocedures.ppt

Lesson four Something about Civil and Criminal Procedures New words and expressions 1. jurisdiction ① a government’s general power to exercise authority over all persons and things within its territory; esp., a state’s power to create interests that will be recognized under common-law principles as valid in other states. ② a court’s power to decide a case or issue a decree. ～ at first instance 一审管辖权 ～ of civil cases involving foregn element 涉外民事案件管辖权 ～ of state over air space 国家的制空权 ～ on appeal / appellate ～ 上诉审管辖权 ～ over property 对财产的管辖权 ～ within territorial waters 领海管辖权 personal ～ / ～of the person / ～ over the person 对人管辖权 concurrent ～ 竞合管辖权 ～ to control inferior courts 对下级法院的监督管辖权 functional ～ 职能管辖权 voluntary ～ 自愿管辖权 original ～ exclusive ～ limited ～ summary ～ 简易～ legislative ～ supplemental ～ 附属～ 2. pleading ① n. a formal document in which a party to a legal proceeding (esp. a civil lawsuit) sets forth or responds to allegations, claims, denials, or defenses. 诉辩状 ② n. a system of defining and narrowing the issues in a lawsuit whereby the parties file formal documents alleging their respective position. 诉辩状程序（双方当事人向法院提交诉辩状之程序体系，目的是界定且限制诉讼事项） ③ the legal rules regulating the statement of the plaintiff’s claims and the defendant’s defenses. 诉辩状调整规则 ------ plea n. ① an acused person’s formal response of guilty, not guilty or no contest to a criminal charge. ----criminal plea. 抗辩 ② at common law, the defendant’s responsive pleading in a civil action. 答辩，辩护 ③ a factual allegation offered in a case.恳请，请求 ------ plead v. ① to make a specific plea, esp, in response to a criminal charge; 抗辩（尤指刑事案件中对犯罪指控的抗辩） Com. pleading, complaint, petition, clause, application, indictment, information, presentment ① pleading, 指在民事诉讼诉辩程序中，当事双方呈送法庭的各种诉辩状，除包括诉状complaint外，还指答辩状answer，原告对被告抗辩的再答辩状reply等。