2010年高考英语语法辅导课件-被动语态.pptVIP

有些动词可用主动语态形式来表被动意义 1）.不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。These books sell well.这些书好卖。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。Meat won?t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 2）.一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被动式，如：His answer(was) proved right. 3）.不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。 例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。 4）. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词：begin、finish、start、open、close、stop、end、shut、run、move等。 The shop closes at 6.p.m. Work began at 7 this morning. 容易误用被动语态的几种情况 1. I teach myself French.不可变为Myself is taught French.因为反身代词不可作主语。 2. We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.因为相互代词不可作主语。 3. He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.因为象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式。 4. She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.因为象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态。 被动语态考点分析 1. I need one more stamp before my collection______. (NMET) A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。 2.——Do you like the material? ——Yes,it______very soft. (NMET) A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来…”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。 3．Great changes______in the city,and a lot of factories___