ppt展示English-Speech.ppt

English Speech(英语演讲) 西方人把“舌头、美元和电脑”当作当今的“三大战略武器”；刘勰在《文心雕龙·论说》中写道“一人之辩，重于九鼎之宝，三寸之舌，强于百万之师”之说；著名演说家林肯曾说：“口才辅佐事业成功。”里根的“口价”每小时6万美金。由此可见，对于立志成为开拓型、创造型、复合型的青年人来说，英语口才显得尤其重要。 Half the world is composed of people who have something to say and cant; the other half have nothing to say and keep saying it. 1. 演讲的界说 指在特定的时空环境中，以有声语言和相应的体态语言为手段，公开向听众传递信息，表述见解，阐明事理，抒发感情，以期达到感召听众的目的。 2. 演讲的特征 a) 演讲是一种具有现实性和艺术性的社会实践活动 b) 演讲必须在特定的时空环境中进行 c) 演讲离不开有声语言与体态语言 3. 演讲的社会功能 政治斗争的有力武器 经济活动的理想筹码 传播知识的有效途径 人才考核的重要尺度 美国的大学，不管是理工科还是文史类，都把基础作文法和演讲学规定为必修。日本、新加坡等国规定：政府工作人员要进行3个月到半年的演讲训练才能上岗工作。 4. 演讲类型 可从目的、场合、内容、表现手法、演讲者的身份、准备情况等角度划分。 Memorized Speech: 背诵讲稿，演说时凭记忆讲出； Extempore Speech: 以纸条写下讲稿提纲，演讲时偶尔拿出参考； Impromptu Speech or Extemporaneous speaking: 毫无准备的即兴演讲； 5. 备稿演讲（Prepared Speech） ---“工欲善其事，必先利其器。” 1）演讲稿的特征：声传性 （口语化的文章）；临场性；整体性。 2）演讲稿的结构：“凤头豹尾”“虎头蛇尾” A. Introduction (1) 设问式开头 (2) 叙事式开头 Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address eg1. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. (3) 解题式开头 (4) 明旨式开头 eg2. Ronald Reagan leads the nation in mourning for the seven astronauts killed in the Space Shuttle Challenger Explosion, Washington, D.C., January 28, 1986. Ladies and gentlemen: Id planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the Union, but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss. (5) 抒情式开头 eg3. I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. (I Have a Dream) (6) 示物式开头 B. BodyC. Conclusion (1) 总结式结尾 (2) 感召式结尾 eg4.And let me say to everyone listening