发念头英文翻译.doc

发动机英文翻译发动机 将内能转化成动能的机构称之为发动机，汽车发动机的形式主要是以气缸和活塞作为转换机构的内燃机。根据燃料以及点火形式的不同可分为汽油机或柴油机，或有以氢气、天然气、石油气为燃料的发动机，其燃烧形式与汽油机差异较小。根据工作循环与活塞冲程特性划分，又可分为两冲程与四冲程发动机，EngineTo be able to translate into kinetic energy of the body known as the engine, car engine is the main form of the cylinder and piston of internal combustion engine as a conversion mechanism. According to the fuel and ignition forms can be divided into different gasoline engine or a diesel engine, or hydrogen, natural gas, petroleum gas as fuel to the engine, the gasoline engine combustion form and smaller differences. According to the working cycle and piston stroke characteristics, and can be divided into two stroke and four stroke engine, 四冲程汽车发动机主要有气缸、活塞、活塞连杆、曲轴、配气机构（气门、凸轮轴等）、火花塞（汽油机）、缸内喷油嘴（柴油机，以及带有缸内直喷技术的汽油机）、机油泵及机油循环、水泵及水循环，另有一系列传感器以及ECU等众多部件组成。Four stroke engine main cylinder, piston, piston connecting rod, crankshaft, valve ( valve, cam shaft ), a spark plug ( gasoline engine ), in-cylinder fuel injector ( diesel engine, as well as with in-cylinder direct injection gasoline engine ), oil pump and oil circulation, water pump and water circulation, another series of sensors and ECU and many other components.内燃发动机的构造及工作原理The structure and working principle of internal combustion engine往复活塞式内燃机的工作腔称作气缸，气缸内表面为圆柱形。在气缸内作往复运动的活塞通过活塞销与连杆的一端铰接，连杆的另一端则与曲轴相连，构成曲柄连杆机构。因此，当活塞在气缸内作往复运动时，连杆便推动曲轴旋转，或者相反。同时，工作腔的容积也在不断的由最小变到最大，再由最大变到最小，如此循环不已。气缸的顶端用气缸盖封闭。在气缸盖上装有进气门和排气门，进、排气门是头朝下尾朝上倒挂在气缸顶端的。通过进、排气门的开闭实现向气缸内充气和向气缸外排气。进、排气门的开闭由凸轮轴控制。凸轮轴由曲轴通过齿形带或齿轮或链条驱动。进、排气门和凸轮轴以及其他一些零件共同组成配气机构。通常称这种结构形式的配气机构为顶置气门配气机构。现代汽车内燃机无一例外地都采用顶置气门配气机构。构成气缸的零件称作气缸体，支承曲轴的零件称作曲轴箱，气缸体与曲轴箱的连铸体称作机体。Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine working chamber called the cylinder, the inner surface of the cylinder. In the cylinder for reciprocating motion of the piston through the piston pin and one end of the connecting rod is hinged, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the crankshaft, form the crank connecting bar mechanism. Therefore, when