Rhetoric英语修辞.ppt

Rhetoric Sarah Tian Figure of speech(比喻) 1. Simile 明喻是将两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,直接表明或描述被比喻的事物或现象.明喻在形式上是相类似的关系,常以 “像,好似,犹如”等词来表达. as, as if, as though, as it were, be comparable to, may be compared to, be something of, like, it was a bit like, similar to, etc. For example: Tom came running like a shot. Mary is as proud as a peacock. He is something of a political chameleon. His brother is a myth, as it were from the dead. 注意： 在使用比喻时应注意喻体的文化内涵．某种事物在一个国家是好事，在另外一个国家可能是坏事．例如：猫头鹰（owl）在中国被视为不吉祥的鸟，而在西方却被视为聪明和智慧的象征，从而有as wise as an owl(像猫头鹰一样聪明)的比喻 as习语 as black as coal 　　黑黑的 as clear as crystal 晶亮的；清澈的 as cold as ice　　　 冰凉的 as fit as a fiddle 非常健康；精神抖擞 as hot as fire　　　　 火热的 as like as two peas 一模一样 as regular as the clock　 极有规律的 as old as the hills　　古老的 as quick as lightning　迅如闪电的 as safe as the bank　　万无一失的 as silent as the grave 静默的；悄声无息的 as easy as ABC 轻而易举的 as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛 as changeable as the weather 反复无常的 2.Metaphor 隐喻又称为暗喻，较之明喻，它的结构更为紧凑，明喻表示相类似（as, like）,而隐喻在形式上则是相属的（be）关系．隐喻用某些有相同点的事物来比拟所要表达的事物，或者可以说用来做比喻的事物就是被比喻的事物 For example: College is a comma in the sentence of life 　　　大学是人生长句中的一个逗号 　（作者把人生比作一句话，而大学生活只是这一句中的逗号．） The newspaper is a jungle of advertises 　　　报纸上尽是一些乱七八糟的广告． （jungle 愿意为“丛林”，转意为“杂乱一团”的意思．） While the curtain fell, there was a storm of applause. 　帷幕落下之际传来一阵暴风雨般的掌声 Sometime you go into what I call a bubble boom. 　有时候，你会进入一种泡沫式的繁荣． The ship ploughed through the waves of the sea. 　　　　轮船破浪驶向前方　(plough原意为“耕地”．作者把轮船在大海中乘风破浪的景象比作一张犁在田地里破土耕地一样） He waded through half a dozen books. 他费劲地啃了六七本书．（wade-艰难跋涉） The importance of simile and metaphor in description. My love is a rose. My love is like a rose. Simile Practice: use each word in a simile heart hair table eyes Her heart is like a fire, blazing with passion. His hair is as messy as a bird’s nest. The table is as long as the length of a swimming pool. Her eyes are like two headlights, showing us the way. Metaphor Practice