四级真题英语阅读长难句分析.docx

四级真题英语阅读长难句分析1. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】鲍姆认为，哈密顿和其他人最近的决定可能就是“一种迹象表明人们开始意识到存在一种破坏性竞争”。他是最近一项大学调查报告的组织者之一，这项报告引发了人们对并非基于需要的制度性经济援助的关心。【析句】复合句。主干是Baum says+宾语从句，也就是Baum说话的内容。宾语从句的主句是Recent decisions may be a sign that are starting to realize that there is this destructive competition..., 引号内包含两个从句，that引导定语从句修饰a sign, realize后是that引导的宾语从句。最后，co-author of a recent College Report作Baum的同位语，that raises concerns about...是College Report的定语从句。2. “No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an?exemption?from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】任何人都不能采取单方面的行动。莱尔德说，他正在研究是否有必要寻求获得联邦反托拉斯法的豁免权，这样一来，其成员大学就可以探讨如何共同削减奖学金支出。【析句】例句二和例句一结构相似：主句Laird says且倒装，引号内是说话的内容，作宾语从句且置于句首。主句后，who is exploring whether to...作定语从句，whether to...作exploring的宾语，而最后so member colleges can discuss how they could reduce merit aid是exploring动作的结果，discuss后是how引导的宾语从句。3. A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】一个复杂因素就是，奖学金深受不符合助学金申请条件的中层收入家庭的欢迎，甚至许多家庭都依靠它。【析句】复合句。主句Acomplicating factor is that引导表语从句。表语从句中，主句是merit aid become so popular with middle-income families that many have come to depend on it,包含固定短语so...that+从句，意为“太……以至于……”，句中插入了who引导的定语从句。1. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see. (2009. 阅读. Text 1)【译文】而且这意味着，人们第一次有机会亲自近距离了解平时很难见到的那类非裔妇女。【析句】主句that means that+宾语从句，宾语从句中，主句for the first time people will have a chance to...woman, 其中短语get up close and personal with这一短语结构中，clo