对我国城乡就业问题的思考.doc

目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 一、引言 1 二、理论概述 2 （一）城乡就业的相关概念 2 （二）统筹城乡就业的基本目标 3 （三）统筹城乡就业的重点和难点—“转移就业” 3 （四）城乡统筹就业的基本原则 4 三、我国城乡就业存在的问题 5 （一）主渠道吸纳劳动力能力减弱，农村劳动力剩余现象比较严重 5 （二）乡镇企业吸纳能力不足，失业较为严重 5 （三）城镇企业隐性失业显性化加快，失业率和失业人数逐年上升 5 四、我国城乡就业存在问题的原因 6 （一）劳动者就业自身存在着问题 6 （二）就业工作和就业环境中存在着问题 6 五、加快推进统筹城乡就业工作的对策 8 （一）坚持就业优先原则，确立就业优先位置 8 （二）努力开辟就业岗位，广开就业渠道 8 （三）健全就业服务制度，为城乡劳动者就业提供有效服务 9 （四）大力发展职业技术教育，提高劳动者素质和就业竞争能力 9 （五）加大宣传教育力度，引导劳动者树立正确的就业观 10 参考文献 11 致谢 12 摘要 目前，我国城乡发展严重失衡，主要表现在城乡差距逐渐拉大、社会稳定问题和“三农”问题日益突出，城乡就业是解决这些难题的主要途径之一。城乡就业，建立城乡一体化的劳动力市场，是国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划确定的一项重要任务。我国在长时期内必将要面临劳动力供大于求的严峻就业形势和城乡二元分割的就业状态。到目前为止，我国已基本解决了计划经济时期形成的企业富余人员问题，并建立起了市场导向的就业机制，在经济的持续发展和积极就业政策的指导下，城乡就业状况进一步得到改善，就业工作取得了一定的成绩。 本文主要介绍了改革开放以来我国在就业方面所取得的一些成绩，并根据当前就业工作和就业环境中的现状提出了一些就业现存的问题，希望能够促进就业工作的进行。 关键词：我国；城乡就业问题；思考 Abstract At present, a serious imbalance in Chinas urban and rural development, is mainly reflected in the gap between urban and rural areas is widening, the three rural issues and social stability problems have become increasingly prominent, one of the main ways to solve these problems is to co-ordinate urban and rural employment. Urban and rural employment, establishing the integration of urban and rural labor market, it is also an important task for national economic and social development of the eleven five plan. China will have to face the serious oversupply of labor employment situation and employment of urban and rural two binary state for a long period of time, so far, China has basically solved the surplus staff formed in the period of planned economy enterprises, and establish a market-oriented employment mechanism, with the continuous development of economy and the guidance of active employment policy. Further improve the employment situation of urban and rural employment, work and achieved certain results. This paper mainly introduces some since the reform and opening up in China in terms of employment the achievements, and puts forward some existing problems according to the current si