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定语从句所修饰的词 叫先行词。 定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、 which、 whose和关系副词where 、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词, 在定语从句中担当某一成份。
关系代词和关系副词的作用:
先行词指物时, 关系代词用that 或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。
如:China is a country which / that has a large population.
The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.
先行词指人时, 关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom (作宾语),whose (作定语),that (作主语或宾语)。 如:
The man who is mending the machine has been retired.
This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.
I like the girl whose mother is an actor.
注意:下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或 who。
先行词是指物的不代词,如:all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。如:I didnt understand the words all that he said.
2.先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如:This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .
行词既包括人,也包括物。如:They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.
当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如:who is the man that opened up the lab.
例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!
He is a friend ______ can help you in time of need.
A. who he B. whose C. / D. who
解析:引导词在定语从句中做主语,指人。 应选D 。
The most important thing ______ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that
解析:先行词前有序数词, 最高级时,引导次只能用 that. 应选D.
This is the only one of these books that ______worth reading.
A.has B. have C. is D. are
解析:引导词that在句中作主语,代指one ,应选C。
The man ______ talked to you just now is my father.
A. who B. he C. which D. whose
解析:引导词在句中作主语指人,应选A.
They thought too much about ______.
A. which I had said B. what I had said
C. that I had said D. I had said
解析:此题引导词作在从句中作宾语,表示说话的内容,应 选B。
一、选择最佳答案填空:
1. Did you find the notebook ______ Jim had given me for my birthday?
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
2. Thats all ______ I have seen and heard.
A. which B. that C.
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