二语习得完稿.pptVIP

SLA (Second Language Acquisition) and Pragmatics Content I SLA II Interlanguage III Reference SL V.Foreign Language Second Language which plays an institutional and social role in the community (i.e. it functions as a recognized means of communication among members who speak some other languages as their mother tongue). Foreign language learning takes place in settings where the language plays no major role in the community and is primarily learnt only in the classroom. Eg .English is learnt as a foreign language in France or Japan. Acquisition V.Learning Krashen thinks Acquisition refers to picking up a second language through exposure,whereas the term Learning is used to refer to the conscious study of a second language. Ellis prefers to use Acquisition and Learning interchangeably, irrespected of whether conscious or subconscious process are involed. Interlanguage Interlanguage Definition The term ”interlanguage” was coined to refer to the language system constructed by second language learners on their way to the target language(Nemser,1971;Selinker,1972 ;Corder, 1977 ） “中介语”这一术语首次被引用指：处于目的语与母语之间结构上处于中间状态的外语学习者的独特的语言系统。 Eg. ⑴中国人表示一种祝福：Go to work happily ,and come back home safely! ⑵中国人打招呼：“Hi ,where are you going ?” Interlingua interference (语际干扰) ⒈Positive transfer Eg . ①“我爱你 “ ---- “I love you ” ②“我学英语”----“I study English “ ③我是一位老师。----I am a teacher. ⒉negative transfer Eg. ①我明天上街 ----“ I tomorrow go to the street.” ②我不知道他是谁----“I don’t know who is he ” Intralingua interference（语内干扰） Eg . ①”These mans are from the United States”（那些男人来自美国） ②”He can write the name with English ”（他能用英语写名字） Fossilization Definition Classification Causes Definition It has been observed that somewhere in the L2 learning process, such an IL may reach one or more temporary restricting phases during which the development of the IL appears t