《计算机专业英语》Number Systems and Boolean Algebra.pdf

Computer English Chapter 3 Number Systems and Boolean Algebra Key points: Key points: useful terms and definitions useful terms and definitions of Number system and Boolean of Number system and Boolean Algbra Algbra Difficult points: Difficult points: Conversion of the Number Conversion of the Number Systems and Boolean Algbra Systems and Boolean Algbra Requirements: Requirements: 1. Concepts of Number System and their conversion 2. Boolean Algebra 3. Moore’s Law 4. 科技英语中数学公式的读法 3.1 Number Systems New Words Expressions: hexadecimal adj.十六进制的; n.十六进制 radix n.根, 基数 octal adj.八进制的; n.八进制 alphabet n.字母表 fractional adj.分数的, 小数的 whole number n.整数 remainder n.余数 significant figure n.有效数字 quotient n.商 algorithm n.算法 complement n. 补码，余角 carry n.进位 Abbreviations: Binary-coded hexadecimal (BCH) 二进制编码的十六进制 3.1 Number Systems The use of the microprocessor requires a working knowledge of binary, decimal, and hexadecimal numbering systems. This section provides a background for those who are unfamiliar with number systems. Conversions between decimal and binary, decimal and hexadecimal, and binary and hexadecimal are described. 使用微处理器需要掌握二进制、十进制和十六进制数制系统 的基本知识，本节为那些不熟悉数制系统的读者提供这方面 的背景知识。说明了十进制与二进制之间、十进制与十六进 制之间，及二进制与十六进制之间的转换。 3.1.1 Digits Before numbers are converted from one number base to another, the digits of a number system must be understood. Early in our education, we learned that a decimal, or base 10, number was constructed with 10 digits: 0 through 9. The first digit in any numbering system is always a zero. For example, a base 8 (octal) number contains 8 digits: 0 throu