量子点敏化太阳能电池研究进展课件.docx

量子点敏化太阳能电池研究进展马娟，宋凤丹，陈昊，周运禄，齐随涛，杨伯伦(西安交通大学化工系，陕西西安710049)摘要：量子点敏化太阳能电池（quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, QDSSCs）由于其理论转化效率高（44%）、带隙可调、价格低廉和稳定性好等优点引起了广泛关注。本文就QDSSCs的结构组成、工作原理、量子点（quantum dots, QDs）的合成方法、限制效率的因素以及优化方法等进行了综述，总结了量子点的两种合成方法即原位沉淀法和非原位沉淀法。与此同时，分析了目前影响QDSSCs效率的主要因素，如电子-空穴对的复合、光阳极结构不完善、电解质性能不佳等，最后对如何提高QDSSCs光电转化效率的研究重点和方向进行了展望，指出可通过改性量子点敏化剂、优化光阳极半导体及改善量子点与半导体间的界面特性等方法提高转换效率。关键词：量子点；光阳极；电解质；太阳能电池；转化效率中图分类号:TM914.4文献标识码：A文章编号：Progress in Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar CellsMAJuan，SONG Fengdan，CHENHao，ZHOU Yunlu，QI Suitao，YANG Bolun(Department of Chemical Engineering，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi’an 710049，Shaanxi，China)Abstract: Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells (QDSSCs ) have been drawing much more attention due to their high efficiency, tunable band gap, low cast and good stability. This paper reviews the latest research progress in QDSSCs, including the structure of QDSSCs, the basic working principle of QDSSCs, the synthesis methods of quantum dots(QDs), the limiting factor of conversion efficiencyand the optimization methods. The two preparation methods of QDs are also summarized as in-situ synthesis and ex-situ synthesis. Meanwhile, the effects of the recombination of electrons and holes, defective structure of photoelectrode and deficient functions of electrolyte on the effecifiency of QDSSCs are analyzed, and the proposal for future research of QDSSCs is also outlined. Some measures to improve efficiency of QDSSCs including QDs modification, photoelectrode structure optimization and modification of the interface between QDs and photoelectrode are pointed out.Key words: Quantum dots; photoelectrode; electrolyte; solar cells; conversion efficiency太阳能电池发电是解决世界能源问题、促进经济发展、改善环境的重要途径之一。传统光伏领域的研究主要集中在硅基太阳能电池，随着几十年的发展，晶体硅太阳能电池具有光电转换效率高、稳定等优势[1]，但由于其建立在对大量硅晶材料需求的基础上，导致成本比较高[2]，不能有力的和化石能源竞争，这成为限制其进一步发展的瓶颈[3]。为了寻求低成本、高效率的太阳能电池，近年来，在新型太阳能电池的研究探索过程中，量子点敏化太阳能电池由于其特殊的优势引起了广泛关注[4]。量子点是指半径小于或接近于激子玻尔半径的准零维纳米晶粒，其内部的电子在各个方向上的运动都受到限制[5]。将量子点作为敏化剂附着到半导体光阳极上即称为量子点敏化太阳能电池。相比而言