英语中的修辞手法.pptVIP

Common rhetorical devices in English. （英语中常见的修辞手法） 1夸张（hyperbole） Hyperbole comes from the Greek, meaning exceed (over), is a deliberately speak in superlatives (overstatement) rhetoric or exaggerate; its characteristic is to express the object in a exaggerated perverse or illogical description, in order to achieve strong rhetorical effect （Hyperbole源于希腊语，意思是exceed (超过)，是一种故意夸大其词(overstatement)或言过其实的修辞手法；其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写，以达到强烈的修辞效果。） 试比较以下两种说法： 1) Yes, many times.(很多遍了。) 2) Yes, a thousand times.(无数次了。) 很明显，第一种回答方式不如第二种生动，因为a thousand times(无数次)使用了Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法。 如：a river of tears (泪河)、a mountain of coal (煤山)、oceans of people (人海)。 2讽刺（irony） 例如： 1）You are a big help！(你可真够“帮忙”啊！) 2）You are telling stories！（你讲的“真动听”啊！） 3委婉（Euphemism） 英语Euphemism（委婉）一词来源于希腊语，意思是good speech（吉利话），即使用比较文雅、悦耳或委婉的说法来代替粗野或直白的说法。 试比较以下两种表达方式： 1）I feel sick today.（我今天生病了。） 2）I feel under the weather today. (他今天身体不舒服。) 很明显，第二种表达方式比第一种更加委婉。 4平行（Parallelism） The specific method is the same or similar structure, meaning, or both components of language tone consistent parallel together, so as to achieve neat structure, rhythm clear, strengthen the tone effect, in other words, it is through language in the form of beauty to the language of the content is more beautiful expressed better （具体方法是将结构相同或类似、意义相关或并重、语气也前后一致的语言成分平行并列在一起，从而达到结构整齐、节奏鲜明、加强语气的效果，换句话讲，就是通过语言的形式美来把语言的内容更美更好地表现出来） 1．单词平行 1）I prefer non-fiction: History, social commentary, and stuff like that. (我更喜欢非小说类作品：历史、社会评论等诸如此类的。) 2．短语平行 1）We can gain knowledge, by reading, by reflection, by observation or by practice.（求知门径很多，或阅读，或回忆，或观察，或实践。） 5明喻（Simile） （Simile(明喻)一词源于拉丁语，意为like(像)。借助人们的想象力，使用一定的比喻词如：like, as等加以连接，从而清楚地表明两种事物之间的相似之处，使得表达更加新鲜有趣。其典型形式是A is like B） Simile (clear) comes from the Latin, meaning like (like). With peoples imagination, the use of some figurative words such as: like, as to be connected, which clearly show the similarities between the two things, makes the expression more interesting. Its typic