锂离子电池容量衰减机理和界面反应研究.doc

Capacity Fade Mechanisms and Side Reactions inLithium-Ion Batteries Pankaj Arorat and Ralph E. White Center For Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina,Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA ABSTRACT The capacity of a lithium-ion battery decreases during cycling. This capacity loss or fade occurs due to several different mechanisms which are due to or are associated with unwanted side reactions that occur in these batteries. These reactions occur during overcharge or overdischarge and cause electrolyte decomposition, passive film formation, active material dissolution, and other phenomena. These capacity loss mechanisms are not included in the present lithium-ion battery mathematical models available in the open literature. Consequently, these models cannot be used to predict cell performance during cycling and under abuse conditions. This article presents a review of the current literature on capacity fade mechanisms and attempts to describe the information needed and the directions that may be taken to include these mechanisms in advanced lithium-ion battery models。 锂离子电池容量衰减机理和界面反应研究 作者：Pankaj Arorat and Ralph E. White 美国，南卡罗来纳29208，哥伦比亚，南卡罗来纳州大学，化工学院化工系 摘要 锂电池在循环过程中，其容量会逐渐衰减。而出现容量衰减主要归因于几个不同的机理，这些机理大多与电池内部的界面反应相关，这些反应持续性的发生在电池的充放电环节，并且引起电解液的分解、钝化膜的形成、活性材料的溶解等其它现象。关于容量衰减的机理在目前公开的锂离子电池数学模型的文献中并未加以阐述，因此在锂电池循环过程中和处于苛刻的条件下，我们无法通过模型来对锂电池的性能作出有效的预测。本篇文章将陈述容量衰减的机理，并且试着去解释其本质，为构建先进的锂电池模型指明方向。 lntroduction The typical lithium-ion cell(Fig. 1) is made up of a coke or graphite negative electrode, an electrolyte which serves as an ionic path between electrodes and separates the two materials, and a metal oxide (such as LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, or LiNiO2) positive electrode. This secondary (rechargeable) lithium-ion cell has been commercialized only recently.47 Batteries based on this concept have reached the consumer market, and lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries are under study i