托福语法3.ppt

* 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 例如: 原句:Ann bought these books last year. 强调宾语:It was these books that Ann bought last year. 强调状语:It was last year that Ann bought these books. 技巧：※——who/that……. 优先选择it is /was +□（被强调部分） 任何题目中，It be + 主语 一定错 ※ —— + n . 空格里缺主谓，选主+谓。优先选则there be,不选 it is /they are. * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 二、形式主语，形式宾语 形式主语: It +be +adj/分词 + to do sth It +be +adj/分词 + that+完整句 形式宾语: S+ Vt+ it + adj/分词 + to do sth/that S+ Vt+ it + adj/分词 + that + 完整句 如：S + make it possible to do sth /that + 完整句 it不能做真正的主语，只能用于强调结构或形主、形宾。 * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 例1 an increasing international exchange of educational Aims. (A) It is (B) There is (C) Though there is (D) Although it is * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 二十一、which引导的定语从句结构 （Ⅰ）which指代主句中的名词或代词，在从句中做主语或宾语。但which并不一定指代最近的名词。which到底指代谁，取决于谓语动词。 　　S +Vt +n+which +SVt/VtO ※which 不一定指最近的n。 * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 （Ⅱ）介词+which: which作介词的宾语，指代前面的某个名词或代词，后面是完整句。介词+which做从句的状语。 S+Vt+ n+prep +which +SVO. ※……prep +which +VO. 错 　……prep +which +to do 也可以作后置定语修饰名词，完全等于定语从句。 如：The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home. 等同于：The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which it builds its home. 　当主句主语和从句主语一致时，可用不定式代替从句。 * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 （Ⅲ）句子，名词 of + which + 谓语、宾语 S +Vt+n，n/数 + of which +Vt+O. 区别：有逗号；句子和of之间有名词。 　Which指代主语中的宾语，作of的宾语，而of+which作从句的定语修饰主语，主句是名词/数词. 　对于某一个东西的部分进行解释： SVO,both/each/all/some/half/ten percent/three quarters of which + VO * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 例1:In blank verse of ten syllables, five of which are accented. (A) line consists of each (B) consists of each line (C) each line consists (D) it consists of each line * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 例2:The spiral threads of spiders web have a stick substance on them--一insects. (A) traps (B) trap its (C) which traps (D) which it traps * 第二部分 填空题常考结构分析 例3:After the First World War, the author Anais Nin became interested in the art movement known as Surrealism and in psychoanalysis, both