十七章大学课件组织学及胚胎学.ppt

Chapter 17Urinary System Composition: kidneys, ureters(输尿管) , bladder (膀胱)and urethra(尿道). Function: Producing urine; eliminating metabolic waste products; regulating the fluid and electrolyte?balance; producing rennin(肾素) and erythropoietin(促红细胞生成素). 1.Kidney(肾):(1)General structure of the kidney： Capsule(被膜) medullary ray(髓放线) contex (皮质) cortical labyrinth(皮质迷路) parenchyma renal columns(肾柱) (实质) renal pyramids (肾锥体) medulla （髓质） Renal lobe (肾叶); renal lobule(肾小叶). Interstitial tissue(间质) The functional unit of the kidney is the uriniferous tubule, It consists of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule. Uriniferous tubule (泌尿小管) ： glomerulus(血管球) renal corpuscle (肾小体) renal capsule(肾小囊) nephron proximal convoluted tubule (近曲小管) (肾单位) proximal tubule renal tubule (近端小管) 近端小管直部 (肾小管) thin segment———— 髓袢 (细段) 远端小管直部 distal tubule (远端小管) distal convoluted tubule 弓形集合管 (远曲小管) collecting tubule 直集合管 (集合管) 乳头管 (2)Nephron: 根据在皮质中的位置不同，分为两类