lecture02增词法.ppt

Amplification in Translation (增译法) 1 增加动词 １） Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! (Mark Twain: The Prince and the Pauper) 　　译文一：啊，汤姆·康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么显赫啊！ 　　 　　译文二：汤姆·康第原来(who was born)生在可怜巴巴的人家(in misery)，穿得破破烂烂(in rags)，一身邋里邋遢(in dirt)，现在(what sight is this)换了这身装束，啊，是何等气派！ ２）She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast. 　译文一：她觉得手里和唇上都是花儿，胸中也生长着花儿。译文二：她觉得她好像手里拿着花，嘴里吻着花，连胸中也生出了花。 ２．增加名词 We have made some achievements, and we must guard against complacency. 我们取得了一些成绩，但还要防止自满情绪． 某些抽象名词是由动词或形容词派生出来的，在翻译时可根据上下文在后面增加范畴词，使译文更合乎汉语规范．例如： To persuade To prepare Backward Tense Arrogant Mad Antagonistic Produce Jealous Persuasion 说服工作 Preparation　　准备工作 　Backwardness　落后状态 Tension　　　　紧张局势 Arrogance　　　自满情绪 Madness　　　　疯狂行为 Antagonism　　　敌对态度 Production　　　　生产事业 Jealousy　　　　　嫉妒心理 We have winked at these irregularities too long. 我们对这些越轨行为宽容得太久了． He was described as impressed by Deng’s flexibility. 　据说他对邓的灵活态度印象很深． What we wanted most was an end of uncertainties. 　那时他们最渴望的就是结束这摇摆不定的局面． He discussed greatness and excellence. 　他探讨了伟大和杰出的涵义． He spoke with firmness, but his face was sad and his eyes at times were dim. 　他讲话时，态度坚定，但面带愁容，时而眼神暗淡． This is the day for our two peoples to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and a better world. 　现在该是我们两国人民为缔造一个崭新的，更加美好的世界而攀登这一伟大境界高峰的时候了． 4 ． 增加副词 为了确切地表达原意，有些动词在一定场合可根据原文的上下文增加适当的副词。 The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了． As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 　他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完． In the films of those days, all too often it was the same one: boy tractor driver meets girl tractor driver; they fall in love and drive tractors together. 　　那时侯的电影总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩开拖拉机走了． 从意义完整上考虑增词 在英语中或汉语中有些词如“height, history”等，在不同的语境中的确切含义呈现三个 “档次”，英译汉过程中有时需要落实到具体的“值”上。下面三个例子中都包含了history一词，请注意各自的语境及其译法。 At the party he delivered a detailed account on the history of the villa. C. 在那次聚会上他就这座别墅的历史发表了一个详尽的叙述。 A. 他在那次聚会上详尽地介绍了那座别墅的来龙去