第七章翻译技巧--归化.pptVIP

第七章 翻译技巧--归化 由于文化上的差异，英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。归化翻译法常用于处理某些英语成语、典故、形象词语等一类文化色彩较浓的表达方式。恰倒好处地归化可以使译文地道简洁、生动活泼，便于译入语读者理解和接受。例如： as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠 （在西方文化中，兔子是胆小的象征， 而在我国，兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人们常说：静若处子，动若脱兔。鼠在我国才是胆小的象征，所以翻译时直接加以归化。） at a stones throw 一箭之遥 wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡 as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪 as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛 seek a hare in a hens nest 缘木求鱼 as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶 lead a dogs life 过着牛马一样的生活 cry up wine and sell vinegar（醋） 挂羊头，卖狗肉 put back the clock 开倒车 talk horse 吹牛 kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵 drink like a fish 牛饮 (4) Everybody said how well the new Secretary was doing, but old Mr. Carr said shortly, Yes. New brooms sweep clean. 人人都说新任秘书干得好，但卡尔老先生却简慢地说：新官上任三把火。 (原文 new brooms sweep clean的字面意思是新扫把扫得干净，比喻新任职的人干得好，和汉语中的新官上任三把火异曲同工，貌离神合。) (5) Among the blind the one-eyed man is King. 山中无老虎，猴子称霸王。 (6) Last night I heard him driving his pig to market. 昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷。 (7) Who would have thought of Mr.Mottram doing so well? And so many of his friends, too, that used to stay here? We were entertaining angels unawares. 谁知道摩特兰先生干得那么出色？还有他那许多朋友，原来都住在这儿的，谁知道呀？我们真是有眼无珠。 (8) It was, as Bill afterwards expressed it, during a moment of temporary mental apparition, but we didnt find that out till later. 恰如后来比尔说的那样，那阵子简直是一时鬼迷心窍。不过，我们直到后来才明白了这个意思。 （apparition在原文中是鬼魂或幽灵出现的意思。 mental apparition直译是心中有鬼，这就很容易给人造成误解，因此需要多少将原形象适当地转换一下。） (9) They will be ice-skating in hell the day, when I vote the aid for them. 要我投票赞成给他们援助，除非太阳从西边出来。 （ice-skating in hell 如译成在地狱里滑冰就很难为中国读者所理解和接受。） (11) Id much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it---what could I do about it anyway? Shes a bit out of my class, dont you think? If I did try to do anything, Id only get sent off with a flea in my ear. 我宁愿见她一两面就算了──我还能干什么呢？你没看到她和我不怎么相称吗？我要干点什么，也只会碰一鼻子灰。 (原文 a flea in ones ear的字面意思是耳朵上有个跳蚤，用来比喻讥讽的话，刺耳的话。send