简单句的基本结构.ppt

英语句子的基本结构简单句、并列句和复合句 英语句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句就是指只含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。 英语简单句五种基本结构 1. S十V（主谓结构） 2. S十V十 P（主系表结构） 3. S十V十O（主谓宾结构） 4. S十V十O1十O2 （主谓双宾结构） 5. S十V十O 十C （主谓宾宾补结构）  说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语； O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语； C＝宾语补足语  一、S十V句式 （主谓结构） 在此句式中, V是不及物动词(vi.)。例如： Things change.事物是变化的。 Nobody went.没有人去。 --Did you go by sea？你们走的是海路吗？ --No，we flew.不，我们是飞去。 He runs quickly. 他跑得快。 They listened carefully. 他们听得很仔细。 My ink has run out. 我的钢笔水用完了。 二、S十V十P句式 （主系表结构） 在此句式中, V是系动词(link v.), 常见的系动词有：look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, fall (ill / asleep), stand/sit (still), become, turn等。例如： Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家. He seemed interested in the book. The story sounds interesting. The desk feels hard. 书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice. 饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice. The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了 You have grown taller than before. He has suddenly fallen ill. 他突然病倒了。 He became a teacher when he grew up. 注意：有些系动词同时也是及物动词, 可构成SVO句式, 例如： He looked me up and down. 他上下打量我。 They are tasting the fish. 他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town. 他们在家乡种水稻。 三、S十V十O句式 （主谓宾结构） 在此句式中, V是及物动词(vt.), 因此有宾语。例如： I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 They found their home easily. They built a house last year. They have taken good care of the children. You should look after your children well. 你应该好好照看你的孩子。 We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。 My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切。 四、S十V十O1十O2句式 （主谓双宾结构） 在此句式中, V是带有双宾语的及物动词，两个宾语一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语。常见的带双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get等。例如： He gave the book to his sister. I‘ll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。 He gave me a book/a book to me. 他给我一本书。 He brought me a pen/a pen to me. He offered me his seat/his seat to me. 注意下边动词改写后介词的变化： Mother bought me a book / a book for me. He got me a chair / a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。 Please do