英语写作Ⅱ-outline.ppt

Section one Essays Unit 1 Outline Unit 1 Outline Writing Focus: learn to write an outline for an essay Points to Emphasize: write an outline according to the generally accepted format Unit 1 Outline Ⅰ Why do we need to learn writing outline? An outline is essential for writing any paper, esp. for course papers, term papers and thesis. It is the skeleton of an essay. So it can help the writer to organize his ideas. It can make others have an orderly overview of the essay. Ⅱ How to write an outline1. Two main types of outlines Sentence outline: Complete sentences Correct punctuation More detailed overview Easier and faster to write the final essay Topic outline: Words and phrases No punctuation Brief and clear overview Easier and faster to write the outline Unit 1 Outline An outline must start with thesis statement. Unit 1 Outline 2. Analysis of two samples Compare the following two outlines for a paper on foreign trade. Thesis: Foreign trade is beneficial to and indispensable for all nations. Ⅰ. Introduction: the utilization of different economic resources and the development of different skills form the foundation of foreign trade Ⅱ. Trade in commodities (visible trade) is necessary between nations. A. No nation has all the commodities it needs. B. A nation may not have enough of certain commodities. C. A nation may sell certain commodities at a profit. D. Latest innovations and different styles of commodities may make foreign trade necessary. Ⅲ. Exchange of services between nations (invisible trade) is part of foreign trade. A. Nations compete in providing transportation for foreign trade. B. Prudent exporters purchase insurance for their cargoes. C. Tourism brings a nation huge profits. D. Technology is also exported and imported. Ⅳ. Conclusion: the purpose of foreign trade is to earn money for necessary imports. Thesis: Foreign trade is beneficial to and indispensable for all nations. Ⅰ. Introduction: the foundation