中国铁路12306在线售票系统技术介绍——信息科技概论课程论文.pdf

中国铁路12306在线售票系统技术介绍 —— 《信息科学与技术概论》课程报告 自动化系56班 金帆，2015011506 ，E-mail: jinf15 @ 摘 要: 本文通过概述相关资料，分析中国铁路12306在线售票系统的技术特点，与其他大规模服务型网站的技术 进行对比，说明其早期版本效率低下的原因，梳理后续的优化与改进，并探讨未来进一步完善的可能方向。本文 还将介绍相比于航空售票、电子商务和有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站引擎，铁路售票在技术上的难点（如席位多站复用）尤其是通用计算 系统对海量数据的高速并行化处理的难题。最后本文将用简单加权平均滤波分析来预测2020年前春运期间12306在 线订票网站的最大需求数量。 关键词: 在线售票, 并行处理, 通用计算系统，事务处理，加权平均滤波 Technical Introduction to the 12306.cn Website, China Railway’s Online Ticket Reservation System - Term Paper on Introduction to Information Science and Technology JIN Fan, Class 56, Dept. Automation, 2015011506, E-mail: jinf15 @ Abstract: This paper is written to analyze the unique techniques used in China Railway’s 12306.cn online ticket reservation system by reviewing related literature. By contrast with other massive service-oriented websites, the inefficient performance of its early versions will be demonstrated, the optimization of its succeeding versions summarized, and the prospect of potential future improvements discussed. Also, emphasis will be laid on its exclusive technical difficulties (for example, seat allocation among multiple stations in a line) compared with flight ticket booking system, e-commerce websites and search engines, especially those in massive data’s high-speed concurrent processing with general-purpose computing system. Lastly, the weighted average filtering method is employed to forecast future demand growth of the reservation systems during the Spring Festival travel season before 2020 in China. Key Words: ticketing and reservation, concurrent processing, general-purpose computing system, transaction processing, weighted average filter 【引文】 中国铁路12306在线售票系统自2010年开通以来，面对巨大的访问请求，曾多次出现响应缓慢甚至崩溃的情 况[1][2]，而对于其原因，很多人表示不理解[3]。因此，本文将从技术层面上，概述相关问题的一些研究成果， 并以此来解答12306网站曾经频繁崩溃，而很多其他大规模服务网站（如电子