Gene基因以及如何写英语欠条IOU.ppt

Unit7 Related Information Practical Writing Check Yourself Fun Time (1) What is a gene? Each cell in the human body contains about 25,000 to 35,000 genes, which carry information that determines your traits. Traits are characteristics you inherit from your parents; this means your parents pass some of their characteristics on to you through genes. For example, if both of your parents have green eyes, you might inherit the trait of green eyes from them. Or if your mom has freckles, you might inherit that trait I. Related Information and wind up with a freckled face. And genes arent just in humans—all animals and plants have genes, too. Genes hang out all lined up on thread-like things called chromosomes. Chromosomes come in pairs, and there are hundreds, sometimes thousands, of genes in one chromosome. Together, all of the chromosomes and genes make up DNA, which is short for deoxyribonucleic acid. Chromosomes are found inside cells, the very small units that make up all living things. A cell is so tiny that you can only see it through the lens of a strong microscope, and there are billions of cells in your body. Most cells have one nucleus. The nucleus, which is sort of egg-shaped, is like the brain of the cell. It tells every part of the cell what to do. How does the nucleus know so much? As tiny as it is, the nucleus has more information in it than the biggest dictionary youve ever seen. In humans, a cell nucleus contains 46 individual chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes (chromosomes come in pairs, remember? 23 X 2=46). Half of these chromosomes come from oneparent and half come from the other parent. But not every living thing has 46 chromosomes inside of its cells. For instance, a fruit fly cell only has four chromosomes! (2) Major genius fallacies 1. You must be born with a creative mind! 2. If you miss childhood, your genius is lost! 3. Do not memorize! 4. Proliferation of geniuses is a threat to humanity. 5. If you do something stupid, so are yo