慢性肾脏病筛查诊断及防治指南.pdf

28 Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine January 2017 Vol. 37 No. 1 指南与共识 DOI：10.19538/j.nk2017010108 慢性肾脏病筛查 诊断及防治指南 上海慢性肾脏病早发现及规范化诊治与示范项目专家组 摘要 ：慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）患病率逐年升高，已成为全球性的公共卫生问题。“肾脏病预后质量 倡议”（KDOQI）和”改善全球肾脏病预后”（KDIGO）工作组先后制定了CKD临床实践指南。为提高中国CKD防 治水平，在参考国外指南基础上，结合中国特点，专家组制定了CKD筛查、诊断及防治指南。该指南对各级全科医 师和肾脏病专科医师均有参考价值。 关键词 ：慢性肾脏病；诊断；治疗；指南 中图分类号：R692 文献标识码：A Guideline for screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.　　Expert Group on Early Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment System Construction of Chronic Kidney Disease in Shanghai Corresponding author: MEI Chang-lin, E-mail: chlmei1954@126.com Abstract:The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing and it has become a global public health problem. Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) working groups have published their guidelines for clinical practice of CKD. Based on these guidelines and the data of China, the nephrologists in Shanghai established the guideline for screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease. The guideline will be useful for the general practitioners or renal specialists at different levels taking care of CKD patients. Keywords:chronic kidney disease; diagnosis; treatment; guideline 慢性肾脏病 (chronic kidney disease，CKD) 具有 实践指南。2015 年上海卫生和计划生育委员会批 患病率高、知晓率低、预后差和医疗费用高等特点， 准“上海地区慢性肾脏病早发现和诊疗体系建设与 是继心脑血管疾病、糖尿病和恶性肿瘤之后，又一严 示范”作为第四期公共卫生体系建设项目立项。项 重危害人类健康的疾病。近年来 CKD 患病率逐年 目组组织上海市肾脏病专家制定了慢性肾脏病筛 上升，全球一般人群患病率已高达 14.3%，我国横断 查、诊断及防治指南，并在实践中使用取得了初步效 面流行病学研究显示，18 岁以上人群 CKD 患病率 果，现介绍如下。 为 10.8%[1-2] 。随着我国人口老龄化、糖尿病和高血