动名词和现在分词131.ppt

The Gerund The participle （2学时） 何慧 动名词概说 动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词。动名词在句中可以： 1）用作主语： dancing bored him. (跳舞使他厌烦。） 2）用作表语: her hobby is collecting stamps.（她的爱好是集邮。） 用作宾语： please stop talking.（请不要说话了。） 4) 用作介词宾语： he was arrested for smuggling.（他因走私而被捕。） 动名词作主语表语 1. 动名词可用作主语 1）Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Sailing a boat is great fun. 驾驶帆船很有意思。 3）Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2 .有时可用先行词it作主语，而把动名词主语放到句子后部去，作表语的可以是形容词（a),也可以是名词（b）： a. it’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你真太好了。 It was pleasant and comfortable sitting there. 坐在那里惬意舒服。 It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车真累人。 b. It’s a wonder meeting you here. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。 it’s no use asking me. 问我没用。 it was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书真是浪费时间。 3 .“there is +no”后可以用动名词作主语，表示“没法…”： 1）there was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。 There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。 3）There was no telling when this might happen again. 没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。 4 . 作表语 1）my hobby is painting. 我的爱好是绘画。 2) Her favorite sport is skiing. 她最喜欢的运动是滑雪。 3）Their pastime is going to movies. 他们的消遣是看 电影。 4）Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 PS: 动名词作表语和进行式的区别在于：前者(a)说明主语的内容；后者(b)则说明主语正在做什么。 (a) Her job is tending the sheep. (b) She is tending the sheep. 动名词作宾语 动名词可以作动词、短语动词以及介词的宾语。 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 He has given up smoking. 他已经戒烟了。 Tom waited for a while before making up his mind. 汤姆稍等了一会才拿定主意。 动名词的逻辑主语 动名词的逻辑主语为： （1）人称代词的所有格+动名词（作宾语时也可用宾格）. Forgive my(me) calling you up so early. 原谅我这么早给你打电话。 Her going off in such a hurry is very quickly. 她匆忙离去很危险。 (2) 名词所有格+动名词 I don’t remember Mary’s complaining about it. 我不记得玛丽抱怨过这事。 His wife’s coming to help is a great encouragement to him. 他妻子来帮忙对他是很大的鼓舞。  The participle 分词概说 分词是一种非谓语动词，有现在分词（由v.+ing构