第一讲科技英语语法特点.ppt

d. It can be used in descriptions of experiments. (用来描述实验) Pucker up your lips and blow fast, and the air that passes over your hand feels cold. The temperature rises until it reaches 100°C, but after that it remains constant. 第一讲 科技英语语法特点 非人成被动语态 时态 科技英语为什么一般使用被动语态? 1 被动语态意义更清楚 Since scientists are more interested in action and facts than the actors , many references to people are unnecessary and confusing. Look at this sentence: “People heat the gas carefully.” Who are these people? The writer? The writer and his readers? All educated people? Everybody? All these confusing questions can be avoided by using the passive: “The gas is carefully heated.” 句子的主语非常重要。被动语态总是将主语放在句首，读者可以立即注意到关键信息。 Electrons closer to the nucleus are held more tightly than those in the outer orbits. 靠近原子核的电子比外层轨道上的电子结合得紧 比较下面的句子: People use mathematics in many different fields. Mathematics is used in many different fields. 1.叙述规则或一般原理 The pressure that makes electrons flow along wires is called “voltage”. All matter is made up of atoms. c. Many car engines are cooled by water. Measurement of far-field radiation patterns of port TE11 of the TE01-TE11 converter is done when a circular waveguide TE01 mode is feed to the port TE01 and a circular waveguide horn of an opening diameter 40mm is loaded to the port TE11. The radiation patterns of E-plane and H-plane at 30.5GHz are given in Figure 4. Many pupils in school think of science as a subject containing more facts to be learnt. b. A new antenna is said to be constructed next month. a. Before the antenna model is drown, a solution type must be specified. b. Attention must be paid to the function of the machine. 英语中被动语态比汉语中使用广泛，特别是在科技英语中。这一点是英汉两种语言之间的重要区别之一。翻译时要正确处理，以保持英汉两种语言各自的特点。 英语被动语态的处理．当然不外乎两种方法：一种是仍保留为被动句；另一种是转换成汉语的主动句。 当特别强调被动动作或特别突出被动者时，英语的被动句才翻译成汉语的被动句。 The microstrip antenna should be carefully handled． 这种微带天线应小心处置。 Junction diodes are commonly used in switching applications. 结二极管常被用作开关。 The outside