汽车钢板弹簧减振性能的理论与计算.doc

摘要 本次设计的题目是汽车钢板弹簧减震性能的理论分析与计算。主要任务是对江铃汽车少片簧进行的理论分析与计算。设计的主要内容是：选定钢板弹簧的结构，根据给定的尺寸、外力等数据，运用机械振动学中的离散体与连续体的知识，用连续体振动方程计算出钢板弹簧各片的应力，而后再用有限元软件Ansys软件分析各片簧的应力，然后把理论计算结果与软件分析结果进行比较，最后根据尺寸用CAD软件画出钢板弹簧的零件图和装配图。 钢板弹簧是汽车悬架的重要元件，其能保证汽车具有良好的行驶平顺性和良好的操纵稳定性，还能保证汽车在车轮跳动时，主销定位参数变化不大，车轮运动与导向机构相协调，不出现摆振现象，转向时使整车有一定的不足转向。钢板弹簧本身还能兼起导向机构的作用，并且由于弹簧各片之间的摩擦而起到一定的减震作用。 总之，由实践得知钢板弹簧对汽车行驶平顺性、稳定性、通过性、燃油经济性等多种使用性能都有影响，因此钢板弹簧的设计对汽车的性能有很大影响，其设计也是汽车设计的一个重要方面。 关键词： 钢板弹簧 理论分析 机械振动学 Ansys有限元软件 ABSTRACT The title of this design is the calculation and theoretical analysis of damping performance of automobile leaf spring. The main task is the calculation and theoretical analysis of less leaf spring of JiangLing cars. The main content of the design: selected the structure of leaf spring, according to the given size and forces and other data, using the knowledge of discrete body and continuous body of the mechanical vibration , then calculate the forces of each piece of steel spring according to the continuous body vibration equation. Then analysis the forces with the finite element software. Then compare the two results, finally paint out the assembly drawings. Leaf spring is an important component of automobile suspended frame , which can ensure the car has a good ride and good handling and stability , also can guarantee pin location parameters changed significantly and wheel movement aligned with steering mechanism and has no vibration and also ensure the vehicle has a certain lack of steering when the car beats the wheel. Leaf spring itself can also holds up the role of steering mechanism, and due to friction between the springs, it also can play s certain role of shock. In short, the practice proved that spring on vehicle ride comfort, stability, adoption, fuel economy, and other kinds of performance, so the design of leaf spring have a great impact on the performance of the car, its design is also an important aspect of automotive design. KEYWORDS: leaf spring