英语句子结构课件.ppt

* * 英语的句子结构 S (subject)－ 主语 V (verbal phrase)－ 谓语 P (predicative) － 表语 O (object)－宾语 Oi－间接宾语 Od－直接宾语 C (complement) －补语 英语的句子结构 简单句 并列句 复合句 *几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句; *几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和从句 的复合句。 简单句 SV SVP SVO SVOiOd SVOC 简单句的五种句型 1）SV 主语＋谓语 eg. The telephone rang. His father might have died. 2) SVP 主语＋谓语＋表语 eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is an artist. 3) SVO 主语＋谓语＋宾语 eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play. 简单句的五种句型 4）SVOiOd 主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语 eg. The lady gave Jack a watch. My father bought me a bicycle. 5) SVOC 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语 eg. They called him a fool. She found the children fast asleep. *在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到谓语! *做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还有 及物动词与不及物动词的区别。 Ex: Find out the predicate in each sentence. 1. The soup tastes good. 2. The boy is interested in playing PC games. 3. The boss made the workers work long hours. 4. He practises playing the piano every day. 5. They had finished the job when the boss came. 6. Record every word you hear. 7. He didn’t turn to me for help. *在英语简单句中，只能有而且（一般情况下） 必须有一个谓语部分！ 句子成分的构成 句子的主干成分： 主语、谓语、宾语、表语 句子的次要成分： 定语、状语、补语、 插入语、同位语 句子成分的构成 主语可以用以下这些表示： 1. 名词；2. 代词； 3. 数词；4. 动名词；5. 不定式； 6. 词组或复合结构；7. 从句；8. 名词化的其他词类。eg: A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? This is Jack speaking. Two will be enough. Smoking is very dangerous. To see is to believe. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. “A” is an article. 一、主语 二、表语 表语跟在be动词和系动词之后，可以用下面 这些东西表示：1. 名词；2. 代词；3. 数词；4. 形容词； 5. 分词；6. 动名词；7. 不定式；8. 副词；9. 介词短语； 10. 词组；11. 从句。如： The masses are the real heroes. That’s something we have always to keep in mind. She was the first to learn about it. Time is pressing. Let’s hurry up. All I could do was sending him a telegram. We must be off now. My idea is that we should stick to our original plan. 三、宾语 宾语跟在及物动词后，有直接间接之分，可以用下面这些东西表示： 1. 名词；2. 代词；3. 数词；4. 动名词；5. 不定式； 6. 复合结构；7. 从句；8. 名词化的形容词及其他词类，如： She died a heroic deat