英语基本句型和句子成分.ppt

a heavy rain 2. in the laboratory 3. a man always writing articles 4. mentally and physically healthy 5. see a film 6. Mr. Li will visit you at 2：00 pm. 7. Stand up ！ 1 什么叫句子？ 名词短语 名词短语 介词短语　 形容词短语　 动词短语　 句子　 句子　 一个主谓结构就是一个句子。通常，主语和谓语是句子必不可少的两个组成部分，祈使句可省略主语。 英语五种基本句型： 基本句型一：? 主语+谓语??????? 基本句型二：? 主语+谓语(系)+表语??? 基本句型三：? 主语+谓语?+宾语? 基本句型四：? 主语+谓语?+间宾+直宾 基本句型五：? 主语+谓语?+宾语?+宾补 Ｓ │ Ｖ （vi.不及物动词）主语+谓语 1. The sun│rose. 2. Who │cares? 3. What he said │does not matter. 4. They │talked for half an hour. 5. The pen │writes smoothly. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫做不及物动词。 Ｓ │Ｖ(系动词)│ Ｐ 主语+谓语(系)+表语 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. Everything │looks │different. 4. He │fell │in love. 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 6. Our well │has gone │dry. 7. His face │turned │red. Ｓ │Ｖ（vt. 及物动词）│ Ｏ 主语+谓语?+宾语 1. Who │knows │the answer? 2. He │has refused │to help them. 3. He │enjoys │reading. 4. He │said │Good morning. 5. He │thinks │that he was mistaken. Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ I.O（多指人） │ D.O（多指物） 主语+谓语?+间宾+直宾 She │gave│her daughter│a new dress. 2. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 3. I │showed │him │my pictures. 4. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 5. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，这两个宾语通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有 give, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write ,throw, sell等，表示动作是对谁做的。如： Can you give me your book? =Can you give your book to me? 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有buy, get, make, order, choose等，表示动作是为谁做的。如： My uncle bought me a watch. =My uncle bought a watch for me. 有些动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，称为宾补，才能使意思完整。 Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ Ｏ │ O.Ｃ 主语+谓语?+宾语?+宾补 1. They │painted │the door │green. 2. We │named │him │Tom. 3. They │found │the window │broken. 4. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 5. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. It’s been a lon