2015中考考纲语法项目表.ppt

一 名词 1 可数名词及其单复数 可数名词由单数变复数的变化规则 规则变化 一般直接加s desk-desks book-books 以s, x, sh ,ch 结尾的，加es glass-glasses th结尾的，加s mouth-mouths o 结尾的加s或es piano-pianos potato-potatoes tamato-tamatoes hero-heroes 辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加es country-countries 元音字母加y结尾的，直接加s toy-toys f或fe结尾的，变为v再加es wolf-wolves 不规则变化 foot-feet child-children man-men woman-women 2 不可数名词 3 专有名词 表示人、地方、组织、机构等的专有名称，第一个字母常大写 Jack China the Great Wall NBA 4 名词所有格 二 代词 1 人称代词 2 物主代词 3 反身代词 4 指示代词 5 不定代词 6 疑问代词 1 人称代词 人称、数、格 2 物主代词 形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词 3 反身代词 单数、复数 4 指示代词 this 这 that 那 these 这些 those 那些 5 不定代词some any no Some和any即可修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词；some是用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。 Some boy are playing football. There aren’t any students in the classroom. 但在疑问句中，当期望得到对方肯定回答时常用some. ---Would you like some coffee? ---Yes, please. 6 疑问代词 who 谁 whom 谁 whose 谁的 what 什么 which 哪一个 Who is she? Whom do you speak to? Whose book is this? This book is ______ What is your name? Which bus do you want to take? 三 数词 基数词 序数词 世纪(century)、年代(in the 1860s)和年月日表达(9th June, 2012） 分数(three fifths、half、 quarter)小数（point和百分数（基数词+percent） 时间表达法（five past seven\ ten to six\six thirty-one)、生活中常见数词的表达法(one hours’ walk\ 37°--degree) 1 基数词 100以下的基数词 2 序数词 First eleventh tenth --- Second twelfth twentieth Twenty-first third thirteenth thirtieth Thirty-second Fourth fourteenth fortieth Forty-third fifth Fifteenth Fiftieth Seventy-first sixth Sixteenth Sixtieth Eighty-second Seventh seventeenth Seventieth Ninety-fourth Eighth Eighteenth Eightieth one hundred and first ninth nineteenth Ninetieth 四 介词和介词短语 1 At具体时间 in 年月 on 天 At 7:15 in 1995 in autumn on Monday on Monday morning 2 Since+ 时间点 for+时间段 He has lived here since 1993. I have studied math for 3 years. 3 After 在……之后