时态与语态n.ppt

考点4. 作状语的动词被动语态 If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters. (2011·浙江卷19) A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered 【解析】选C。 考查非谓语动词，因此首先排除B和D(前面已经有are going to tour，又没有连词，不可能出现两个独立谓语)。A和C都表示被动，区别在于being done表示正在被发生的动作，而动词不定式to be done表示具体、一次性、将要被发生的动作。句意：如果他们今晚赢得了决赛，整队将在热情的粉丝欢呼下周游这个城市。这里用to be done表示伴随。 考点5. 作后置定语的动词被动语态 The Town Hall ______ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. completing B. completed C. having been completed D. to have been completed 【解析】选B。 completed作后置定语修饰the Town Hall, 表被动完成。相当于定语从句which/ that was completed。选C错误，因为现在分词完成时不能作限定性后置定语。 考点6. “get/become及其他系动词＋过去分词”表示被动，构成系表结构 They got ______ after returning from the big party last week. A. separate B. separating C. separated D. to separate 【解析】选C。 get ＋过去分词为固定系表结构。get separated (分离)。类似结构还有get dressed“穿着”， get married“结婚”， get changed “换衣服”等等。 考点7.形式被动意义表主动的短语一般都由“be ＋v.-ed＋介词或少量的不定式”组成，如be faced with(面临)，be determined to do(下决心干)，be caught in(遇上), be devoted to (致力于), be known for(因……出名)，be lost in(陷于，埋头于) 等等。在句中作状语时只需去掉be。 ______ to achieve high grades in the final examination, he tried to study harder and harder. A. Being determining B. Determined C. To determine D. Determine 【解析】选B。 be determined to do作状语时，be去掉。 考点8. 带复合宾语的动词被动语态结构 The missing girl was last seen ______ under the big tree. A. read B. to read C. reading D. to be reading 【解析】选C。由句中语境可知空白处表示的是当时的现场情景，动作正在发生。故用reading作主补。带复合宾语的动词变为被动时，一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，宾语补足语不变。宾语补足语可以是现在分词结构，表明动作正在发生，也可以是动词不定式结构表明动作已发生，强调动作发生的全过程。 考点9.当句子的谓语为say, believe, report, expect, think, know, consider, suggest等动词时，被动语态有两种形式①谓语