附加疑问词与虚拟语气.docx

附加疑问词1.当陈述句部分的主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。Your brother has gone to the library, hasn’t he? The first class begins at eight, doesn’t it?2.当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。That isn’t a useful book, is it?These are important reading materials, aren’t they?3.陈述部分若用指人的不定代词everyone,everybody,someone,no one,somebody,nobody作主语时，其附加问句的主语常用they，有时也用he;若陈述部分用something,nothing,everything 作主语，疑问部分用it.No one is at school now ,aren’t they?Everything is ready now,isn’t it? 4.当陈述部分是一个带有that-分句做宾语的主从结构时，附加问句部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。You think (that) you are funny, don’t you?He thinks (that) he is going to become a doctor, doesn’t he?但是以I think,believe ,I suppose, I suspect, I imagine引导的宾语从句,附加疑问部分的主语应与从句的主语保持一致.但要注意否定的转移.I think (that) he is clever,isn’t he?Idon’t believe (that) he likes English,does he?5.当陈述句部分是I am…时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren’t I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。例 I’m late for the meeting, aren’t I? I’m not doing well, am I?6.反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句”时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况,若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构”，答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构”，而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译“不是”，把no译成“是的”。---I don’t think she’ll come by bike, will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车，会吗？---Yes, she will.不，她会骑自行车来。 ---No, she won’t.是的，她不会骑自行车来。He is from the USA, isn’t he?Yes, he is . 是的，他是。No, he isn’t. 不，他不是。He isn’t from the USA, is he?Yes, he is . 不，他是。No, he isn’t. 是的，他不是。7.如果陈述句中含有否定副词never（从不，决不），hardly（几乎不）或其他表示否定代词或形容词，如nothing, no,none no one, nobody, neither, few, little,never ,hardly,seldom 等，则附加问句只能用肯定式。如：They hardly write to each other, do they?? ? He has found nothing, has he??Few people knew the secret, did they?There is little milk in the bottle, is there? You never saw her ,did you? 如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分当肯定句处理，附加问句部分一般仍用否定形式。He was unhappy, wasn’t he?8.祈使句用于反意疑问句中Let me+动词原形+其它，shall I?--Let me open the door, shall I?--Yes, please. No, thanks.Let’s+动词原形+其它，shall we?--Let’s go for a walk, shall we? --Good idea! /Sorry, I can’t.Let us+动词原形+其它，will you?--Let us play outside,w