达尔文美学：性选择与美的生物学起源.pdf

Biol. Rev. (2003), 78, pp. 385–407. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 385 DOI: 10.1017/S1464793102006085 Printed in the United Kingdom Darwinian aesthetics: sexual selection and the biology of beauty , 1 1 2 KARL GRAMMER , BERNHARD FINK *, ANDERS P. MØLLER and RANDY THORNHILL3 1 Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Urban Ethology, Althanstrasse 14, A- 1090 Vienna, Austria. 2 ´ ˆ ` ´ Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive, CNRS UMR 7103, Batiment A, 7eme etage, 7 quai St. Bernard, Case 237, FR-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. 3 University of New Mexico, Castetter Hall, Department of Biology, Albuquerque , NM 87131- 1091, USA. (Received 30 January 2002; revised 4 September 2002; accepted 13 September 2002) ABSTRACT Current theoretical and empirical findings suggest that mate preferences are mainly cued on visual, vocal and chemical cues that reveal health including developmental health. Beautiful and irresistible features have evolved numerous times in plants and animals due to sexual selection, and such preferences and beauty standards provide evidence for the claim that human beauty and obsession with bodily beauty are mirrored in analogous traits and tendencies throughout the plant and animal kingdoms. Human beauty standards reflect our evolutionary distant and recent past and emphasize the role of health assessment in mate choice as reflected