癫痫及癫痫综合征.doc

癫痫和癫痫综合征 （Epilepsy and seize syndrom） Dpartment of Neurology, Ninth Hospitol Medical School, SSMU 癫痫Epilepsy： Epilepsy is a term used to describe sudden recurrent transient disturbances in mental function, with or without loss of consciousness, and movements of the body or both which result from excessive discharging of populations of brain cells. ---from Eli S.Goldensohn et al: Scientific Approaches to Clinical Neurology. 1977 The discharge may result in an almost instantaneous loss of consciousness, alteration of perception or impairment of psychic function, convulsive movements, disturbance of sensation, or some combination thereof. ---from Maurice Victor, Allan H.Ropper et al: Adams and Victors Principles of Neurology. 7th edition, 2001 癫痫综合征Seizure syndrome： The act or result of a sudden attack of an illness, character as a sudden attack, spasm, or convulsion, as in epilepsy or another disorder. Prodrome 前驱症状 Arise of seizure 癫痫的“点燃” Seizure discharge 痫性释放 Location 病灶定位 发作类型Type of seizure 单发性型 (Isolated) 周期性型 (Cyclic) 延迟型（Prolonged） 反复发作型(Repetitive) 癫痫的持续状态 (Status epilepticus)  癫痫的分类(Classification of Seizures) I. Etiology: 先天性 Idiopathic: Primary 症状性 Symptomatic Secondary: 隐源性 Cryptogenetic  II. Symptomology: (The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981) 一、部分性(局灶性)发作: Partial or Focal Seizures,(Seizures beginning Locally) ㈠单纯部分性发作 (意识不丧失) symptomology (Simple without loss of consciousness or alteration in psychic function) 有运动症状的发作(Seizures with motor symptoms) 仅为局灶运动发作 (Focal motor) 局灶运动有进展扩延（Jacksonian seizure） 旋转性发作（versive seizures） 姿势性发作（Postural seizures） 发音性发作（Phonatory seizures） 有体觉或特殊感觉症状的发作(Seizures with somatosensory or special symptoms) 体觉性发作 (Somatosensory seizures) 视觉性发作（Visual seizure） 听觉性发作（Auditory seizures） 嗅觉性发作（Olfactory seizures） 味觉性发作（Gustatory seizures） 眩晕性发作（Vertigenous seizures） 有自主神经症状的发作(Seizures with autonomic symptoms) 有精神症状的发作 (Seizures with psychic