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Greenplum架构介绍
* Instructor Notes (This is an animated slide – click to show primary and mirror placements on the hosts) In a Greenplum Database array the master host has the system metadata only, and each segment host has a distinct portion of the user data. With mirroring, a replica of a segment database resides on a different host. So for example, segment 1’s primary copy is on host 1 and its mirror copy is on host n. segment 2’s primary copy is on host 2 and its mirror copy is on host 1. And segment n’s primary copy is on host n and its mirror copy is on host 2. With this mirroring configuration, if you lose a host… You still have a complete Greenplum Database system with all of the data segments available. While the default mirror setup uses the same hosts as where your primaries are deployed, note that it is also possible to deploy your mirrors on a completely different set of hosts than your primaries, even hosts in a different physical location. * Instructor Notes There are two distribution policies for dividing the rows amongst the available segments – Hash or Round-Robin. We’ll cover distribution policy choices in more detail when we get to performance tuning, but basically there are performance advantages to choosing a hash policy whenever possible. HASH = One or more table columns are used as the distribution key, meaning those columns are used by a hashing algorithm to divide the data amongst all of the segments. The key value is hashed (random number created) which is divided by the number of segments, the remainder being the assigned segment number. Keys of the same value will always hash to the same segment. Choosing a unique distribution key, such as the table’s primary key, will ensure the most even data distribution. ROUND-ROBIN = rows are sent to the segments as they come in, cycling across the segments in a round-robin fashion. Rows with columns having the same values will not necessarily be located on the same segment. * Instructor Notes (animated
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