阅读理解8--练习题.pdf

奥鹏远程教育中心 阅读理解 8 Passage 12 (怎样成为科学家 ） What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is no. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answer he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works. 是什么使一个普通人成为科学家？他有与从不同的学习方法和工具吗？答 案是否定的。不是因为科 学家使用的工具，而是因为他使用工具的方法使他成 为科学家。你也许认同怎么用力对一名木匠来说很 重要。你也许也认同怎么研 究调查，发现信息对每个人来说都很重要。然而，科学家比这更进一步，他 必 须确定他对自己的问题得出了一个合理的答案，并且他的答案通过别人也可以 得到证实。他同时把自 己得出的许多答案归结为一个系统的关于世界如何运作 的观点。 The scientists knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the 1 / 15 奥鹏远程教育中心 conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of this mathematics was later tested through investigations, E