synapse formation突触形成.pdf

Synapse Formation Chapter Eight Development of Fertilization the Nervous System Cleavage (Blastula, Gastrula) Cell Lineage Neuronal Induction- Mesodermal Induction Cell-cell Interactions Lateral Inhibition Spermann Organizer Neuroblast Formation Axis Formation Transcription Factors Homeobox genes Chemical Gradients Cell-Cell Interactions Cell Migration Chemical Gradients Axon Growth/Target innervation Cell-Cell Interactions Synaptic Formation Cell-Cell Interactions Differentiation Electrical Differentiation Trophic Factors Functional Nervous System Synapse • Synapse = the connection between neuron and target or two neurons • Axon grows to target – differentiates into the presynaptic terminal • Target cell also changes – into postsynaptic terminal • Both already carrying the components to form the synapse contact is trigger Synapses Synapses allow neurons to communicate with each other via the release of a neurotransmitter that open ion channels or activate second messenger systems. This allows changes in membrane potential and generation of an action potential Reticular vs. Neuron Theory Original t