3.汉语长句的分析与翻译.ppt

Lecture 4 Translating Long Chinese Sentences 汉语长句的分析与翻译 程永生（2001）提出汉语句子英译的四个步骤： 1、分析汉语原句的意义层次及其相互联系，选用合适的英语时态； 2、将各个意义层次翻译成独立的英语简单句或不太复杂的复合句； 3、将翻译过的英语简单句或不太复杂的复合句根据汉语的意义关系按照英语的组句规则予以合并； 4、化简合并后的英语句子，在可能的情况下将从句化简成短语、将短语化简成词组甚至单词。 如有必要还可对化简过的句子进行调整，突出信息或造成句式的多样性。 译例分析 1. 我们相信他所说的，因为他受过良好教育，出生于受人尊敬的家庭，更重要的是他为人可靠；这些因素虽不能作为判别是非的准绳，但也是重要参数。 1）进行语法结构和意义层次分析 我们相信他所说的，//（因果）因为他受过良好教育， ///（并列）出生于受人尊敬的家庭，///（递进）更重要的是他为人可靠；/（因果）这些因素虽不能作为判别是非的准绳，//（转折）但也是重要参数。 2）将各个意义层次翻译成独立的英语简单句。 We are convinced of what he said/ because he is well educated,/ he was born into a respectable family / and more important, he is reliable. / Although all these factors cannot serve as criteria to determine right and wrong, / they are important parameters in making a decision. 3）将意义关系按照英语的组句规则予以合并。 We are convinced of his statement based on his good education, respectable family background and personal reliability, which are significant parameters, though not criteria, for the distinction of right from wrong. 4） 简化，调整以突出信息，凸显结构。 Such significant parameters, though not criteria for the decision on right and wrong, as his good education, responsible family background and personal reliability, all convinced us of his statement. C.f We are convinced of his statement based on his good education, respectable family background and personal reliability, which are significant parameters, though not criteria, for the distinction of right from wrong. 2. 一开始我就怀疑他们之间有些感情瓜葛，随后发生的许多事都证明我的猜疑是正确的。 1）进行语法结构和意义层次分析 一开始我就怀疑他们之间有些感情瓜葛，/（递进）随后发生的许多事都证明我的猜疑是正确的。 2）将各个意义层次翻译成独立的英语简单句。 At the very first, I was in doubt that there was some implicit love between them/ and what followed verified my suspicion. 3）将意义关系按照英语的组句规则予以合并。 Their implicit love, as I initially suspected, turned out to be explicit with evidences becoming increasingly convincing. 4）将从句化简成短语、将短语化简成词组甚至单词。 My initial suspicion about their implicit love has turned out true by successive evidences. 3.这位省长，一直十分注意自己的形象，令