Dislocationconstruction终极版.ppt

象似性主要讨论语言形式与其呈现的概念结构之间的共同点和联系。 “Iconicity is type of external motivation for linguistic structure. The intuition behind iconicity is：the structure of language reflects in some way the structure of experience, that is to say, the structure of the world.”(Croft, 2000，p164) Newmeyer (1992) 认为象似性原则会影响人们对表达形式的选择。 Iconic principles: Iconic sequencing（图像序列） Iconic proximity（图像邻近） Iconic quantity（图像数量） Iconic sequencing Our arrangement of linguistic elements correspond to natural orders of events. He opened the bottle and poured himself a glass of wine. *He poured himself a glass of wine and opened the bottle. Iconic proximity Elements that have a close relationship must be placed close together. the famous delicious Italian pepperoni pizza *the Italian delicious famous pepperoni pizza *the famous pepperoni delicious Italian pizza *the pepperoni delicious famous Italian pizza Iconic quantity The length of the linguistic element corresponds to the information provided. This guy is getting on my nerves. This aggressively impertinent egghead is getting on my nerves. Why we need more information for the same referent in the second sentence? Cognitive explanation Givon (1990) suggests that the amount of linguistic material corresponds to the importance and the degree of predictability of the information processed. On the Brighton train from Victoria I met her. On the Brighton train from Victoria I met the girl from next door. Just imagine! Last night on the Brighton train from Victoria I met this fair-haired, fragile, just unbelievably beautiful creature. The longer the noun phrases are, the more conceptual importance and unexpectedness they show. Your friend John, I saw him last night. This stupid seatbelt, you can hardly unbuckle it in such frigid icy water. How was the first day? Fine, thanks. The teachers seem nice. The teacher with glasses, he seems very nice. (Carter, 2000, p216) Left