Unit4makingthenews语法.ppt

Unit 4 语法 倒 装 一 、完全倒装 把全部谓语动词置于主语之前的倒装方式叫完全倒装。 此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有 ： 1) here, there, now, then, thus， off，away，out，in，up，down，back，over等表示方向，时间 位置的词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie。 Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。 　　There goes the bell.铃声响了 　　Then came the chairman.主席走了进来 　　Here is your letter.这是你的信 Away flew the plane.飞机飞走了 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。　　 Here he comes.　　 Away they went. Down came the rain. 2）表示地点的介词短语置于句首或强调地点概念，且句子的主语是名词时完全倒装： eg：In front of our house stands a big tree.我们的房前有一棵大树。 Between the two windows hangs a map of China.两扇窗子之间挂着一副中国地图。 当主语是代词时主谓语序不变。 North of the city it lies. 它位于城北。 3）such 作表语置于句首要完全倒装，意为：“…就是如此” Such were his words. Such was what he said.他就是这样说的。 Such is the truth.这就是事实。 4.There be…句型有时可用live, stand, lie等词代替be动词。 There lies a beautiful small town. There stands a tree in front of the house. Long long ago,There lived an old man. 5 表语位于句首时倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”主语较长或结构复杂 A: 形容词+连系动词+主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White and Professor Smith.出席会议是怀特和史密斯教授 B:过去分词+连系动词+主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 他们那些自由自在的日子已经一去不复返了。 C: 介词短语+be+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers and toys.礼物中有圣诞树，花和玩具 除了以上形容词，过去分词，介词短语还有不定式，副词等做表语 二、倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance.从来没看过这样的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.你不会找到这个问题的答案。 At no time does he give up his dream of being a painter.他绝不会放弃成为一名画家的梦想。 They knew little about the city. 他们不太了解这个城市。 Little did they know about the city. He seldom goes shopping with his mother.他极少跟妈妈一块去购物。 Seldom does he go shopping with his mother.  当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装从句不倒装。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.直到这个孩子睡着之后妈妈才离开房间。 Not until eleven o’clock did he leave the office last night. 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 　　 I