动名词-chen.ppt

* 什么是非谓语动词? He likes swimming. He likes to swim in the summer. He went into the classroom, carrying many books. He went into the classroom, surrounded by many students. 动名词通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，不定式通常表示具体的动作 动名词 不定式 现在分词 过去分词 非谓语动词 (to) do infinitive V-ing done past participle 动名词 现在分词 gerund present participle 一、动名词与现在分词 动名词在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。 这两种形式的相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，都能担当句子成分。 1?动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语,区别是: ①作表语的动名词可以把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变,例如: My hobby is swimming.可改为:Swimming is my hobby。 ②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置,例如: The story is interesting .不可改为:Interesting is the story. 2?动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词,两者的区别在于: 动名词主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词表动作或性质 试比较: a swimming boy一个正在游泳的男孩 a swimming suit游泳衣 现在分词swimming 表示被修饰名词boy的动作;而后者动名词swimming表示suit 的用途? This is a swimming boy. This is a swimming pool. 现在分词 动名词 动名词表示用途 现在分词表示主动进行的状态 The story is interesting. The story is talking about his life. 现在分词还表示令人怎么样 动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于“是” 动名词 doing ( Gerund) 具有名词的性质， 表示名词的用途, 相当于一个名词. doing 补语 状语 定语 宾语 表语 主语 doing 补语 状语 定语 宾语 表语 主语 动名词 √ √ √ √ X X to tell the use of a noun. as subject. after “be”. after preposition. A Gerund can be used : 1. A Gerund is used to tell the use of a noun. Shanghai Sewing Machine 2. A Gerund is used as a subject. 1) This kind of advertising might not be suitable. 2) Some advertisements may suggest that buying a car can make you free. 3) Repeating old ideas is not a successful approach. 4) Using humor to surprise people is important. 5) Not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. 3. A Gerund is used after “be”. 1) The main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money. 2) By doing this, they hope to make people forget that someone is trying to sell them something. 4. A Gerund is used after a preposition. 1). A lot of money is spent on applying modern techniques. 2). Because of the advertising boom, people are used to seeing high standards of visual design. 3). Modern a