倒装句(最完整,简洁版).ppt

Among them was Sharon MacAuliffe, a high school teacher, who was to be the first teacher in space. 他们中有一位高中教师—— 莎伦. 麦克奥利弗，她将成为太空中的第一位教师。 本句采用了全倒装语序。因为介词短语among them 放在了句首，此时句子需要完全倒装。 须用完全倒装的情况有： (1) 当句首为副词 out, in, away，up, down, off, here, there，now, then等，且主语为名词谓语动词常为be, come, go 等时，应用完全倒装。如： In came the doctor. 医生进来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 注：主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装。 In she came. 她进来了。 Out he went. 他出去了。 （2）当表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，为了避免头重脚轻，应用完全倒装。如： On top of the hill stands a big pine tree. 山顶上耸立着一棵大松树。 Under the tree were some children. 树下有一些孩子。 South of the river lies a small factory. 河的南面坐落着一个小工厂。 （3）作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对比较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置时，句子的主谓也应完全倒装。如： Gone are the days when we Chinese were looked down upon. 中国人民被歧视的日子已成为过去。 Present at the meeting were some famous scientists. 出席会议的是一些著名的科学家。 （4）为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such, the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如： Such are the facts. 这些就是事实。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientists. 这就是爱因斯坦，一个简单的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。 （5）在 there be 结构中， there 为引导词， be 动词之后为句子的主语，属完全倒装， be 应与主语保持一致。除 be 以外，能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem, exist, happen, appear, live, stand，lie 等。如： 8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed! Long live the People’s Republic of China! * There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday.  上周日公园里有很多人。  从前有一位对人民很残暴的国王。 Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people.  二、部分倒装 　 部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。 1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。 这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）, not only, in no way（决不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如: Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep. 巩固练习:1) Hardly ____ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at