电子科技英语的特点专业英语2015.ppt

第1讲 UNIT 1 科技英语基础知识（一） 1.1 科技英语的特点 (1)复杂长句多 (2)被动语态多 (3)非谓语动词多 (1)复杂长句多 为了表述一个复杂概念，使之逻辑严密，结构紧凑，科技文章中往往出现许多长句。 (1)复杂长句 The method normally employed(利用) for electrons to be produced in electron tubes is thermionic emission(热离子发射), in which advantage is taken of the fact that, if a solid body is heated sufficiently, some of the electrons that it contains will escape from its surface into the surrounding space. (1)复杂长句 固体加热到足够温度时，它所含的电子就会有一部分离开表面飞到周围空间去，这种现象叫作热离子发射。通常，电子管就是利用这种现象来产生电子的。 1.1 科技英语的特点 (1)复杂长句多 (2)被动语态多 (3)非谓语动词多 (2)被动语态 Fibers can be used throughout the video distribution network, including the final link into the subscribers home. 用光纤穿过视频分布网络，包括最终链接到用户的家中。 (2)被动语态 Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a capacitor, and its ability to store electrical energy is called capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可以储存在由绝缘介质隔开的两块金属板内。这样的装置称为电容器，其储存电能的能力称为电容。电容的测量单位是法[拉]。 为什么采用被动语态？ 原因1：第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象，尽量使用第三人称叙述。 原因2：将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。 翻译练习 1. A database may be designed for batch processing, real-time processing, or in-line processing. 数据库可用于批处理，实时处理，或在线处理。 翻译练习 2. If we consider binary transmission, the complete information about a particular message will always be obtained by simply detecting the presence or absence of pulse. 如果考虑二进制传输，通过简单检测脉冲的出现与否，总是可以获得某消息的完整信息。 翻译练习 3. Noise can be introduced into transmission path in many different ways, perhaps via a nearby lighting strike, the sparking of a car ignition system, or the thermal low-level noise within the communication equipment itself. 传输通道可以通过多种不同方式引入噪声，比如邻近的雷击，汽车点火系统的火花，或者通信设备自身的低热噪声。 1.1 科技英语的特点 (1)复杂长句多 (2)被动语态多 (3)非谓语动词多 (3)非谓语动词 A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separated by a non-conductor. 电容器是由非导体隔开的两个导体组成的一种装置。 (3)非谓语动词 Expressed in a formula, the relationship between voltage, current and resistance can be written as V=IR. 若用公式表示的话，电压、电流和电阻之间的关系可写成 V=IR。 (3)非谓语动词 This reduction o