基干云模型淮北平原参考作物蒸散量时空分布.doc

基干云模型淮北平原参考作物蒸散量时空分布 　　摘要：传统的时空分布分析方法仅可以描述参考作物蒸散量（ET0）的平均时空分布情况，难以对ET0时空分布的离散程度与稳定性进行量化。根据安徽淮北平原5个站点的气象数据与地理信息资料，采用彭曼-蒙特斯公式计算ET0，基于云模型分析了其时空分布特征。结果表明：年ET0呈下降趋势，春、冬季增长，夏、秋季减小；年ET0空间分布较为均匀，季节ET0空间分布不均匀；2004年较为分散而不稳定，1956年较集中而稳定；阜阳站较为分散而不稳定，宿县站较集中而稳定；ET0时间变化的离散程度相对于空间分布较小，稳定性相近。因此，基于云模型分析ET0时空分布特性可行、有效，研究结果可为淮北平原不同作物蒸散发以及旱灾、灌溉等研究提供科学参考 关键词：参考作物蒸散量；彭曼-蒙特斯公式；淮北平原；云模型；时空分布 中图分类号：S161文献标志码：A文章编号：1672-1683（2017）01-0025-08 Abstract：Traditional methods can only describe the average case of ET0 temporal and spatial distribution，but have difficulty in quantifying their degree of dispersion and stability.Based on the meteorological data and geographic information of 5 stations in Anhui Huaibei Plain，we calculated ET0 using the Penman-Monteith equation，and analyzed its temporal and spatial distribution characteristics based on cloud model.The results were as follows：Inter-annual ET0 showed a decreasing tendency.ET0 in spring and winter showed a growing tendency，and in summer and autumn a decreasing trend.The inter-annual ET0 was evenly distributed in space but the seasonal ET0 was not.ET0 was more fragmented and unstable in 2004，and relatively concentrated and stable in 1956.ET0 was more fragmented and unstable in Fuyang station，and relatively concentrated and stable in Suxian station.The dispersion degree of ET0 in temporal variation was smaller than that in spatial distribution，while the stability degrees of the two were similar.Therefore，using the cloud model to analyze the characteristics of ET0 spatiotemporal distribution in Huaibei Plain is feasible and effective.The research results can provide scientific reference for studies on evapotranspiration of various crops as well as drought and irrigation in Huaibei Plain. Key words：potential evapotranspiration；Penman-Monteith；Huaibei Plain；cloud model；spatiotemporal distribution 蒸散?l是水循环的主要环节之一，联系着岩石圈、水圈、大气圈和生物圈[1]，是能量传递、物质循环和水量平衡等的重要组成部分[2-3]，一直以来都是气象学、地理学、土壤学、水文学、生态学、植物学等各学科领域研究的热点问题之一。参考作物蒸散量（ET0）是评估气候干湿情况、作物需水量