广义Wardrop 原理和其在区域综合运输中的应用.pdf

广义 Wardrop 原理及其在区域综合运输中的应用 何胜学 (上海理工大学，管理学院，上海，200093) lovellhe@ 摘要：区域综合运输中，货物的生产与运输决策以单个决策者所控制的所有货物为基础，同 时决策者之间进行非合作的博弈，进而形成区域运输网络的均衡状态。因此有必要扩展面向 城市交通的 Wardrop 原理，使其可以涵盖上述区域运输行为假设。以系统最优为单个决策者 之身内部决策的依据，而在决策者之间以用户最优为其行为假设，这样的层次化行为假设构 成了广义 Wardrop 原理。通过用实际的运输路径集合取代空间价格均衡模型中生产厂家与消 费市场间简单的运输连线，并用广义路径运输费用取代一般的时间延误函数，建立了整合空 间价格模型与网络优化模型的区域运输网络模型。新模型不仅满足广义Wardrop 原理，而且 合理反映了区域运输的多货种多方式特点。修正的投影算法被用来求解上述模型，数值例子 验证了模型算法的有效性。 关键词：区域运输；Wardrop 原理；网络均衡；变分不等式；多方式多货种 中图分类号：U491.1 文献标识码：A Generalized Wardrop Principle and Its Application in Regional Transportation He Sheng-xue (College of management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093,China) Abstract: In regional transportation, the decision-making of the production and transport of goods based on the whole quantity controlled by single decision-maker. The network equilibrium state is formed through playing the non-cooperative game between the decision-makers. So it is necessary to extend the Wardrop principles facing the urban traffic to generalized principle that includes the special behavior assumption in regional transportation. For the single decision-maker he makes decision according with the interior system optimization. And for the regional transportation system, the user-optimization between decision-makers is the behavior principle. This hierarchical behavior assumption forms the generalized Wardrop principle. Through substituting the actual path sets for the simple links between manufacturers and demand markets in spatial price equilibrium model, and substituting generalized path transportation cost functions for the path delay functions, the regional transp