26 缺乏症和中毒.ppt

Dfficiencies and Toxicities缺乏症和中毒 Deficiencies 缺乏 Water (salt toxicity) 水（食盐中毒） when water is provided after a long period of deprivation 当水长期缺乏后才供给时 blindness, seizures and opisthotonous 失明、癫痫和？？ eosinophilia on meninges seen on histopathology 利用病理组织学方法可以发现脑膜嗜酸性粒细胞 no efficacious therapy 无有效的治疗方法 Deficiencies缺乏 Protein蛋白质 fatter carcasses, poor feed coversion, poor milking ability, muscle degeneration, pale and poor haircoat 胴体脂肪增多、饲料转化降低、泌乳能力降低、肌肉变性、苍白和被毛粗乱 may be due to an amino acid imbalance or a lack of protein 可能是氨基酸失衡或蛋白质缺乏所致 Deficiences缺乏 Vitamins/Minerals 维生素/矿物质-premix deficiency 预混料缺乏 -excitable, tail-biting or urine drinking 兴奋、咬尾 或饮尿 -prolonged deficiency shows poor growth rates, feed efficiency and parakeratosis leading to exudative epidermitis 长期的缺乏表现为生长率低、饲料利用率低和角化不全导致的渗出性皮炎 Deficiencies缺乏 Calcium, Phosphorus and Vitamin D 钙、磷和维生素D-rickets in growing pigs or osteomalacia in mature pigs 生长猪群发生佝偻病或成年猪群发生骨软症 -posterior paralysis due to fractures in the lumbar region腰部的骨折导致后躯麻痹 Deficiencies缺乏 Sodium and Chlorine 钠和氯 -poor appetite and rough hair coat 食欲不振和被毛粗乱 Deficiencies 缺乏 Iodine 碘-farrowed pigs are weak and have enlarged thyroids 乳猪体弱和甲状腺增生 Deficiencies 缺乏 Iron and Copper 铁和铜 -pale membranes, edema, rough hair coat可视粘膜苍白、水肿、被毛粗乱 -microtic anemia 小细胞性贫血 Deficiencies 缺乏 Zinc锌 -parakeratosis and poor growth角化不全和生长不良 -can be induced by excessive calcium 可导致钙过剩 Deficiencies 缺乏 Vitamin E/Selenium维生素E/硒 -sudden death and sometimes edema (esp perirenal)猝死和有时候出现水肿（尤其肾周围） -mulberry heart disease and hepatosis dietetica 桑椹心和肝坏死 Deficiencies 缺乏 Vitamin A 维生素A -incoordination, night-blindness, paralysis of rear limbs共济失调、夜盲症、后肢麻痹 Deficiencies 缺乏 Riboflavin 核黄素（维生素B2） -poor reproduction, seborrhea and cataracts 繁殖低下、皮脂溢出和白内障 Deficiencies 缺乏 Niacin 烟酸 -diarrhea, weight loss and ear dermatitis 腹泻、消瘦、外耳炎 -necrotic enteritis 坏死性肠炎 Deficiencies 缺乏 Pantothenic Acid 泛酸 -goose-stepping, ataxia