养 猪 生 产 中 的 七 个 要 点ppt整理.ppt

Seven Vital Points for Pork Production养 猪 生 产 中 的 七 个 要 点 Challenges for the New Millenium 新 千 年 的 挑 战 I. Genetics 遗 传 II. Animal Environments 动 物 环 境 III. Nutrition 营 养 IV. Herd Health 猪 群 健 康 V. Marketing the Product 销 售 产 品 VI. Waste Management 排 污 管 理 VII. Production Management 生 产 管 理 Genetics 遗 传 - Performance of the pig will never be better than that level of performance permitted by the information encoded in its genetic material. 猪的生产性能决不会超过企遗传信息所允许的表现 Genetics is important in several key aspects of production: 遗传在养猪生产的下列方面很重要： Reproduction 繁殖 Growth 生长 Resistance to Disease 抗病能力 Product Acceptability 产品接受能力 Reproductive Characteristics with a Genetic Component遗传组分的繁殖特性 Age at First Estrus 初情期 Intensity and Duration of Estrus 发情表现和持续时间 Seasonal Infertility 季节性不孕anestrus 不发情failure to conceive 配种失败pregnancy loss 妊娠失败abortion 流产late return to estrus 返情推迟sow “not in pig”failure to farrow 分娩失败prolonged wean-estrus interval 断奶到发情间隔延长  Reproductive Characteristics with a Genetic Component 繁殖性状遗传组分 Pigs Born Alive 活产仔数 Ovulation Rate 排卵率 Fertilization of Ova 受精 Embryo Durability 胚胎存活力 Development and Survival of Fetus to Term 分娩前胎畜的发育和存活 Litter Weight at Birth 出生重 Milk Production 泌乳量 Wean to Estrus Interval 断奶到发情的间隔 Longevity 使用寿命 Libido 性欲 Growth Characteristics with Genetic Components生长性状遗传组分 Average Daily Gain 日增重 Body weight gain 体增重 Lean tissue gain 瘦肉组织增重 Mature Body Size 成熟体格 Growth curve 生长曲线 Early growth 早期生长 Sustained growth 持续生长 Should be appropriate to desired market weights 应是理想上市体重 Regression of Body Size 体格的回归 Boar Gilt Barrow 公猪母猪阉公猪 Growth Characteristics with Genetic Components生长性状遗传组分 Feed Efficiency 饲料效率 Nutrient Digestion and Absorption 养分的消化和吸收 Metabolism of Nutrients 养分代谢 Uniformity of Growth 生长一致性 Large drafts of Uniform Pigs Marketed 大批一致的上市猪 Ability to design exact nutritional regimens 设计正确的营养配方的能力 Genetic Resistance to