高中英语语法虚拟语气.ppt

语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 虚拟语气的概念 　一、虚拟语气在条件句中 　　虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去相反的假设 与将来相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式 （动词be用were) 主语+should,would, might,could＋动词 原形 If+主语+had +过去分词 主语＋should, would, might, could ＋have done If+主语+动词过去式 If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 If+主语+should +动词原形 主语＋should, would might, could＋动词 原形 eg:If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 如果我是你，我就会努力学习． 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了． 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛． If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match. More practice: c. If the policeman ________ (be not) in that room, it ________ (be) very dangerous. d. If I ____ (be) in your position, I _________ (ask) for teacher’s help. were not could be were would ask a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already. b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train. had been would have passed had got would have caught PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks. a. If there ________ (be) no natural resource any more, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power . b. What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow? should be should make would happen should get up PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks c. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship. were to control would be 使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you ___________(follow)my advice , you ___________(be)better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． had followed would be If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了． ２．省略句 在条件句中，可省略 if，把