阿尔茨海默病中髓鞘改变和其机制的研究进展.PDF

临床与病理杂志 2014, 34(4) 446 J Clin Path ol R e s doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2014.04.025 /articles/481 阿尔茨海默病中髓鞘改变及其机制的研究进展 汤香，吴迪 综述 张志珺 审校 (东南大学附属中大医院神经内科，东南大学神经精神医学研究所，东南大学生命科学院，南京 210009) ’ [摘　要] 阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease ，AD) 是一种以进行性加重的认知功能减退为主要特征的中枢神 经系统退行性疾病。AD 除了神经炎性斑和神经原纤维缠结外，还具有多种病理改变，其中髓鞘损 伤与AD 的发生关系密切。髓鞘损伤可能是AD 早期生物标志之一，研究髓鞘损伤可能为AD 的早期 诊治提供新靶点。 [关键词] 阿尔茨海默病；髓鞘；少突胶质细胞；逆生 Myelin changes in Alzheimer’s disease and its mechanism TANG Xiang, WU Di, ZHANG Zhijun (Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital; Institute of Neuropsychiatric Research; School of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China) Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Besides amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, there are also many other pathological changes in AD, such as myelin breakdown. The impairments of myelin may play important role in the occurrence of AD, and the researches of myelin breakdown may provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and targets in the early diagnosis and treatment in AD. Key words ’ Alzheimer s disease; myelin; oligodendrocyte; retrogenesis ’ 阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease ，AD) ，又 具有多种病理改变，其中髓鞘损伤与AD 的发生关 称老年性痴呆，是最常见的痴呆类型，常起病于 系密切。本文就髓鞘损伤和可能的机制在AD 发病