研究生英语阅读试中翻译.doc

（2） 1. the single, long a stock figure in stories, songs and personal ads, was traditionally someone at the margins of society: a figure of fun, pity or awe. 这些单身人士过去一直是故事、歌曲和个人广告中的常见人物，传统上这些人处在社会的边缘：滑稽有趣、让人怜悯或令人敬畏。 2. once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage — twenty-something professionals or widowed senior citizens. 以前独自生活的人都是一些处在婚姻生活之两端的人们 — 20多岁的专业人员或寡居的老人。 3. as the sages would say, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditations, but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape, embraced by demographers, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. 正如圣人们所言，我们最终都将是单独一人。但是越来越多的欧洲人在很年轻的时候就决定过独身生活。这不是悲观的人生思考，而是欧洲经济新气象，受到人口学家、房地产发展商广告商这类人的普遍欢迎。 （3） 1. medical advances in wonder drugs, daring surgical procedures, radiation therapies, and intensive-care units have brought new life to thousands of people. Yet to many of them, modern medicine has become a double-edged sword. 在特效药、风险性外科手术、放疗法以及特护病房（ICU）方面的医学进展已为成千上万的人带来新生。然而，对于他们中不少人而言，现代医学已成为一把双刃剑。 2. in the wake of technology’s advances in medicine, a heated debate is taking place in hospitals and nursing homes across the country — over whether survival or quality of life is the paramount goal of medicine. 医疗技术进步了，是力求生存还是注重生命质量，哪个目标更为重要，这一问题在全美的医院和疗养院里引发了激烈的争论。 3. as medical scientists push back the frontiers of therapy, the moral dilemma will continue to grow for doctors and patients alike, making the choice of to treat or not to treat the basic question in modern medicine. 当医学家正在向治疗的尖端领域推进之时，医生和病患等相关人士仍将面临越来越多的道德两难境地，致使继续治疗还是放弃治疗的抉择成为现代医学的一个基本问题。 （4） 1. it is not only the east and the west that are different in their patterning of space. We can also see cross-cultural varieties of spatial perception when we look at arrangements of urban space in different western cultures. 东西方不仅仅是在空间模式上存在差异。当我们观察西方不同文化中城市规划的时候，还体会各种各样跨文化空间的感觉。 2. in some cultures a