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Unit 4 学习单元四中有关 The Suburban Century 郊外的世纪 The United States is a nation of suburbs. The 1990 census makes it official. Nearly half the 美国是一个年轻的国家的郊区。一九九○年的人口普查使它的官员。近一半的 country s population now lives in suburbs, up from a quarter in 1950 and a third in 1960. 国家的人口现在住在郊区的四分之一,而在1950年,三分之一在1960年创立的。 The third century of American history is shaping up as the suburban century. Until 1920 most 第三世纪的美国历史是塑造成郊区的世纪。直到1920年最 Americans lived in rural areas. By 1960 the country was a third urban, a third rural, and a 美国人都生活在乡下。1960年第三个国家的城市,三分之一的农村, third suburban. That balance didnt last long, however. By 1990 the urban population had 第三郊区。这种平衡没有延续很久,不过了。到1990年城市人口 slipped to 31 percent and the rural population was down to less than a quarter. We are now a 滑落至31%和农村人口是到不到一刻钟。目前我们为 suburban nation with an urban fringe and a rural fringe. 郊区市镇边缘的国家与乡村刘海。 The first century of American life was dominated by the rural myth: the sturdy and self- 第一个世纪的美国人的生活主要是由农村传说:强劲和自我- reliant Jeffersonian farmer. By the end of the nineteenth century, however, Americans were 支持杰斐逊来农民。到19世纪末,,然而,美国人 getting off the farms as fast as they could, to escape the hardship and brutality of rural 下车农场,越快越好、逃避那是一段艰苦和野蛮的农村 life. 生活。 Most of the twentieth century has been dominated by the urban myth: the melting pot; New 大部分的20世纪占主导地位的城市神话:熔炉;新 York, New York; the cities as the nation s great engines of prosperity and culture. All the 纽约,纽约,城市为这个国家的伟大的引擎的繁荣和文化。所有的 while, however, Americans have been getting out of the cities as soon as they can afford to 同时,然而,美国人已经逐渐从城市中只要能承受 buy a house and a car. They want to escape the crowding and dangers of urban life. But there 买一套房子和一辆车。他们想逃离拥挤的城市生活和危险。但是 is more to it than escape. As Kenneth T. Jackson argues in Crabgrass Frontier, a history of 事情没有逃脱。肯尼思·t·杰克逊所讨论的是《杂草的前沿,一段校史》 suburbanization in the United States, the pull factors (cheap housing and the ideal of a 郊区化在美国,拉动因素(便宜的房屋和理想的 suburban dream house) have been as important as the push